Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Chemical Changes Flashcards

(42 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The more reactive a metal is the more… - Reactions

A

The more vigorous its reactions are and the more easily it loses electrons to form positive ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens when a metal reacts with water? - Reactions

A

A metal reacts with water to form a metal hydroxide and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens when a metal reacts with a dilute acid? - Reactions

A

A metal reacting with a dilute acid would form a salt and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What would happen if a metal reacted with oxygen? - Reactions

A

A metal reacting with oxygen would form a metal oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How can oxygen be removed from metal oxides? - Reactions

A

By reacting the oxide with carbon, carbon displaces the metal to form a metal and carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are oxidation reactions? - Reactions

A

A reaction in which a substance loses electrons (OILRIG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a reduction reaction? - Reactions

A

A reaction in which a substance gains electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a redox reaction? - Reactions

A

When reduction and oxidation occur at the same time within a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an ore? - Reactions

A

A rock containing enough quantities of a mineral for extraction to be possible (economically viable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is electrolysis expensive? - Reactions

A

It requires large amounts of electricity to perform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can a metal be extracted from a compound if it is less reactive than carbon? - Reactions

A

By heating the compound with carbon, the metal is displaced because carbon is more reactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why must aluminium be extracted from compounds using electrolysis? - Reactions

A

Aluminium is more reactive than carbon and therefore cannot be displaced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why must aluminium oxide be molten as an electrolyte during electrolysis? - Reactions

A

It is insoluble in water and therefore can only be used as an electrolyte when molten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why does the electrolysis of aluminium oxide take especially high amounts of energy and is so costly? - Reactions

A

It has strong ionic bonds which are extremely difficult to break and require lots of energy to overcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is the cost reduced of melting aluminium oxide to form a molten electrolyte? - Reactions

A

Powdered aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite, and does so faster than if it were unpowdered. This costs less as a result.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an acid? - Reactions

A

A substance producing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an alkali? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

A SOLUBLE BASE

A substance producing more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

18
Q

What is a base? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

A substance that reacts with an acid to neutralise it and produce a salt

19
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

The reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water, by forming a substance with a pH of 7

20
Q

How can you show a neutralisation reaction? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

H^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) —> H20 (l)

21
Q

What is a salt? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

A substance formed when the hydrogen ion in an acid is replaced by a metal ion

22
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

It produces a salt and hydrogen

23
Q

What type of reaction do half equations display? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

REDOX REACTIONS

24
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate? - Reactions

Study These Flashcards
A

A salt water AND CARBON DIOXIDE

25
How is an acid stronger or weaker than another acid? - Reactions
A strong acid completely dissociates its H^+ ions from its - ions, making it more corrosive. Weak acids only partially dissociate
26
What is the difference between concentrated and dilute acids? - Reactions
Dilute acids contains very little dissolved solute, whereas concentrated acids contain large amounts of dissolved solute
27
What is the relationship with pH of an acid and concentration? - Reactions
The higher the concentration of H^+ ions in a solution, the lower the pH (more acidic)
28
What is used to fill the pipette during a titration? - Reactions
A safety pipette filler, as the pipette is made from glass
29
When can electrolytes carry charge in electrolysis? - Reactions
When molten or aqueous so that electrons can move and carry charge
30
What type of current supply is used during electrolysis? (AC OR DC) - Reactions
DC
31
What are electrodes for electrolysis made from? - Reactions
Graphite
32
What abbreviation helps to remember the electrodes in electrolysis? - Reactions
PANIC
33
What happens at electrodes when ions are attracted to them? - Reactions
They gain or lose electrons, which means they form atoms, molecules or elements. Positive ions lose electrons and negative ions gain electrons
34
What happens during the electrolysis of aqueous compounds? - Reactions
The ions have to compete to form at the electrodes. The metal will form at the cathode if it is less reactive than hydrogen. If the compound contains a halide then the halide will form. Otherwise oxygen forms at the anode.
35
What is a half equation? - Reactions
An equation involving ions that shows the transfer of electrons (gain or loss)
36
reduCtion happens where? | oxidAtion happens where? - Reactions
reduCtion at the CATHODE | oxidAtion at the ANODE
37
What is oxidation?
The gain of oxygen Or loss of hydrogen Oxidising agents add oxygen to another substance or remove hydrogen from it.
38
Reduction
The loss of oxygen Or gain of hydrogen Reducing agents remove oxygen from another substance or add hydrogen to it.
39
What is a redox reaction?
A reaction in which both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously: Fe2O3 + 3CO ——>2Fe + 3CO2 ^ ^ Reduced Oxidised
40
What is OILRIG?
OXYGEN IS LOSS, REDUCTION IS GAIN (in terms of elehctrons)
41
Example of oxidation (hydrogen)
Ethanol oxidised to ethanal: CH3CH2OH———> CH3CHO
42
Give an example of reduction (hydrogen)
Ethanal reduced to ethanol: CH3CHO ——> CH3CH2OH

Chemistry (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions