Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

8 > Chemical Effect Of Electric Current > Flashcards

Chemical Effect Of Electric Current Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are conductors?

A

Materials which allow electric current to pass through them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which metal is commonly used in wires for its conductivity?

A

Copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are insulators?

A

Materials which do not allow electric current to pass through them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give two examples of insulating materials used in electrical wires

A
  • Rubber
  • Plastic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the primary function of an insulator in electrical wires?

A

To protect your skin by blocking the current

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False: The outer part of electrical cords is typically made of conducting materials.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens if you touch a current-carrying wire with broken insulation?

A

You may get an electric shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Among solids, which type of material is considered a good conductor of electricity?

A

Metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are ‘free electrons’ or conduction electrons?

A

Electrons that are loosely bound to metal atoms and can move easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which non-metallic solid is known to be a good conductor of electricity?

A

Graphite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?

A

Silver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List the metals that follow silver in terms of conductivity.

A
  • Copper
  • Gold
  • Aluminium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are insulators?

A

Materials that do not allow electric current to flow easily due to tightly bound electrons in their atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are current carriers in solid conductors?

A

Free electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does electric current flow in solids?

A

Due to the movement of electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does electric current flow in liquids?

A

Due to the movement of negative and positive ions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens to sodium and chloride ions when table salt is dissolved in water?

A

The ions break apart and become free to move.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of an electric tester?

A

To determine whether a solution can conduct electric current.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens when the metallic part of a screwdriver is connected in an electric circuit with a bulb?

A

The bulb glows, indicating current flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is observed when the plastic part of a screwdriver is used in the circuit?

A

The bulb does not glow, indicating no current flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What materials are good conductors of electricity?

A

Metals like copper, aluminium, iron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What materials are poor conductors of electricity?

A

Rubber, glass, wood, plastic, porcelain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does an LED do in an electric circuit?

A

Glows even with a weak electric current.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the significance of the longer lead of an LED?

A

It is connected to the positive terminal of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the conductivity of pure water?
Pure water cannot conduct electricity because it has no free charged particles.
26
What is the conductivity of a glucose solution?
It does not conduct electricity due to lack of free charged particles.
27
What does a solution of common salt do in an electric circuit?
Conducts electricity and the bulb lights up due to free charged particles.
28
Fill in the blank: A solution that passes the electrical conductivity test must contain _______.
mobile (free) charged particles.
29
True or False: A light-emitting diode allows current to flow in both directions.
False.
30
What determines the color of light emitted by LEDs?
The exact composition of their material.
31
32
What happens when lemon juice and vinegar are dissolved in water?
They ionize, producing positive and negative ions. ## Footnote This indicates that they are good conductors of electricity.
33
What is the role of the filament in an electric bulb?
The filament gets heated to a high temperature and starts glowing. ## Footnote The bulb glows due to the heating effect of electric current.
34
Why might an electric bulb not glow even if the circuit is complete?
The current may be too weak due to several reasons, such as poor conductivity of the material or low battery voltage. ## Footnote A slightly conducting material may not allow sufficient current to pass.
35
What are anions and cations?
Anions are negative ions and cations are positive ions. ## Footnote Ions are charged particles that facilitate conduction in solutions.
36
Why do solid ionic compounds not conduct electricity?
In solid state, the movement of ions is not possible due to their rigid structure. ## Footnote This prevents the flow of electric current.
37
What is the source of conductivity in ordinary water?
Ordinary water contains dissolved salts in ionized form, providing positive and negative ions. ## Footnote This makes it a good conductor of electricity.
38
Why is it dangerous to touch electrical appliances with wet hands?
Wet skin is more conductive, allowing more current to pass through the body, which can be fatal when combined with high voltage. ## Footnote Dry skin has lower conductivity compared to wet skin.
39
What did Hans Christian Oersted discover in 1820?
He discovered that a current in a straight wire causes a deflection in a magnetic compass needle. ## Footnote This led to the conclusion that moving charges produce a magnetic field.
40
Fill in the blank: The magnetic effect of electric current was first observed by _______.
Hans Christian Oersted
41
What should be done after testing each liquid with the tester?
Wash and wipe dry the ends of the tester to ensure no charged particles are present. ## Footnote This prevents contamination and inaccurate results.
42
What is the purpose of the electric tester described in the text?
To detect the presence of ions in different liquids based on the deflection of a compass needle. ## Footnote It is based on the magnetic effect of electric current.
43
What materials were tested for conductivity in the experiments?
Lemon juice, vinegar, tap water, vegetable oil, and honey. ## Footnote These materials were used to observe their effects on the electric circuit.
44
45
What happens to the compass needle when the free ends of the tester are dipped in water?
The compass needle deflects, indicating that water conducts electricity.
46
What is observed when the free ends of the tester are dipped in vegetable oil or honey?
There is no deflection in the compass needle, indicating that they do not conduct electricity.
47
What material is commonly used to coat electric wires?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or a rubber-like material.
48
Can a tester be made to detect a weak current?
Yes, it is possible to make a tester for weak currents.
49
What happens to the bulb in an electric tester when there is an air gap between the free ends?
The bulb does not glow.
50
Why does air not conduct electricity under normal conditions?
Air is a poor conductor of electricity.
51
What phenomenon allows electric current to pass through air during lightning?
An electric discharge between clouds and Earth's surface due to high voltage.
52
What conclusion can be drawn regarding materials classified as poor conductors?
Under special conditions, they can allow electricity to pass through them.
53
What occurs when electric current passes through a pure metallic conductor?
There is no chemical effect; only heating or magnetic effects occur.
54
What is the chemical effect of electric current?
Chemical changes occur when electric current passes through ionic solutions.
55
Define electrolytes.
Compounds that give ions either in molten state or in solution.
56
Why are electrolytes good conductors in molten state or in solution?
Ions can move freely in molten state or in solution.
57
What types of solutions are considered electrolytes?
Solutions of acids, bases, and salts.
58
What is an acid?
A substance that produces hydrogen ions in a water solution.
59
What are the characteristic properties of acids?
They taste sour and produce hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
60
What are examples of acids?
* Nitric acid (HNO3) * Hydrochloric acid (HCl) * Acetic acid (CH3COOH) * Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
61
Define bases.
Substances that form hydroxide ions (OH-) in a water solution.
62
What are the properties of bases?
They feel slippery, have a bitter taste, and are corrosive.
63
What are examples of bases?
* Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) * Potassium hydroxide (KOH) * Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) * Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
64
What is neutralisation?
A chemical reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water.
65
What is produced when hydrochloric acid (HCl) is neutralised by sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
Sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O).
66
What is a salt?
A compound formed when negative ions from an acid combine with positive ions from a base.
67
What are examples of salts?
* Sodium chloride (NaCl) * Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) * Calcium chloride (CaCl2) * Copper sulphate (CuSO4) * Silver nitrate (AgNO3)
68
Fill in the blank: Acids react with bases to produce ______ and water.
salt

8 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions