CHEMICAL KINETICS Flashcards
(17 cards)
refers to the study of the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions.
chemical kinetics
explains how a chemical reaction takes place.
the collision theory
According to this theory, two conditions must be satisfied for a chemical reaction to occur:
1. particles of reactants must collide with one another
2. colliding particles must have sufficient energy
TRUE
Rate of Formation = Rate of Decomposition
TRUE
a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical elements or compounds.
chemical reaction
rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.
chemical reaction
abound in the geology of Earth, in the atmosphere and oceans, and in a vast array of complicated processes that occur in all living systems.
chemical reaction
the speed at which a reaction proceeds.
rate of chemical reaction
The larger the surface area, the faster the rate of reaction.
true
How will increasing the concentration of reactants affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
•It will increase the reaction rate or leave it the same, depending on whether the particular reactant added is one that is limiting the reaction rate before the addition.
true
How does decreasing the concentration of the reactants affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
•Decreasing the concentrations of all the reactants will almost always decrease the rate of the reaction. Decreasing
true
What is the reactant affected by an enzyme in a chemical reaction?
•substrate
•any substance upon which an enzyme acts.
How does the concentration of reactants affect the rate of a reaction?
•Increasing the concentration increases the molecules’ collision frequency.
•Increasing the concentration of the reactants increases the rate of the reaction.
true
sensation of warmth or coldness felt from contact with it.
•hotness and coldness of an object.
•degree of sensible heat or cold.
•expressed in terms of a specific scale.
temperature
An increase in temperature usually increases the rate of reaction. As heat is added, the average kinetic and internal energies of reacting molecules increase so the rate of reaction increases too.
temperature effects
a substance that participates in a chemical reaction and increases the reaction rate without undergoing a net chemical change itself.
catalyst
•A solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes in water so slowly that the change is not noticeable (left). Iodide ion acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of H2O2, producing oxygen gas. The solution turns brown because of the reaction of H2O2 with I−, which generates small amounts of I3− (center). The enzyme catalase is about 3 billion times more effective than iodide as a catalyst. Even in the presence of very small amounts of enzyme, the decomposition is vigorous (right).
catalyst effects
