Chemical Mediators of the immune system Flashcards
(32 cards)
whata are the phases of wound healing
haemotosis
inflammation
proliferation
remodelling
what are some side effects of acute inflammation?
redness
heat
pain
swelling
what are some benefits of acute inflammation?
dilution
entry of antibodies
drug transport
fibrin transport
delivery of nutrients and oxygen
stimulation of immune response
how is dilution of toxins a benefit of acute inflammation?
i.e bacteria - allows toxins to be carried away by lymphatics
how is entry of antibodies a benefit of acute inflammaion?
increased vascular permeability allows antibodies to enter the extravascular space, where they may lead to lysis or phagocytosis
Antibodies are also important in neutralisation of toxin.
how is drug transport a benefit of acute inflammation?
fluid carries therapeutic drugs such as antibiotics to the site where bacteria are multiplying
how is fibrin transport a benefit of acute inflammation?
fibrin formation may impede the movement of micro-organisms, trapping them and so facilitating phagocytosis
how is delivery of nutruents a benefit of acute inflammation?
delivery of nutrients and oxygen, essential for cells is aided by increased fluid flow through the area.
what is compartment syndrome?
Occurs when excessive pressure builds up inside an enclosed muscle space in the body
what causes compartment syndrome?
bleeding or swelling after an injury.
why is compartment syndrome so bad?
The dangerously high pressure in compartment syndrome impedes the flow ofbloodto and from the affected tissues
why does the compartment pressure rise?
after an injury blood (fluid resulting from inflammation or injury) may accumulate in the compartment. the walls of the fascia cannot expand therfore the pressure rises . which prevents enough blood to flow to the tissues inside the compartment
what is the end result of compartmemnt syndrome?
SEVERE tissue damage can result.
where are you most likely to develop compartment syndrome?
The legs, arms, andabdomen
what are cytyokines?
small proteins or peptides that serve as signaling molecules in the immune system
what do cytokines have?
High affinity for cells receptors
autocrine cytokines?
Affects the generating cell (self)
paracrine cytokines
Affects cells in the immediate vicinity
endorcrine cytokines?
Affects cells remote from the secreting cell
what is an example of cytokine related disease?
bacterial septic shock
what are some functions of cytokines?
Inflammation
Hematopoiesis
Antiviral Defense
what is sepsis
person is attacked by by agressive
infection triggers a mix of:
pro- inflammatory responses
anti inflammatory responses
what causes sepsis?
Sepsis happens when there is too much pro-inflammatory responses
what is sympton of sepsis?
Severe breathlessness
