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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is chemistry?

A

Chemistry is the study of matter—what it consists of, what its properties are, and how it
changes.

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2
Q

Chemistry is sometimes referred to as

A

“the central science”

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3
Q

What are some changes in matter that are essential to daily life?

A

Digesting and assimilating food, synthesizing polymers that are used to make clothing,
containers, cookware, and credit cards, and refining crude oil into gasoline and other
products are just a few examples.

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4
Q

is the study of macroscopic properties, atomic

properties, and phenomena in chemical systems.

A

Physical chemistry

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5
Q

is the study of chemicals containing carbon with hydrogen.

A

Organic chemistry

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6
Q

…. is the study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.

A

Inorganic chemistry

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7
Q

is the study of the composition of matter. It focuses on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.

A

Analytical chemistry

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8
Q

is the study of chemical processes that occur in living

things.

A

Biochemistry

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9
Q

describe properties or occurrences in ways that do not rely on numbers.

A

Qualitative observations

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10
Q

are measurements, which by definition consist of both a number and a unit.

A

Quantitative observations

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11
Q

What are The Scientific Method steps?

A 
Step 1: Make observations
Step 2: Formulate a hypothesis
Step 3: Design and perform experiments
Step 4: Accept or modify the hypothesis
Step 5: Development into a law and/or theory
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12
Q

is made up of very tiny particles and these particles are so small that we cannot see them
with naked eyes.

A

Matter

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13
Q

what are the 3 states of matter?

A

solid, liquid and gas

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14
Q

The temperature at which solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure is called?

A

Melting Point

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15
Q

The process of converting a gas into a liquid by cooling down its temperature.

A

Condensation / Liquefaction

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16
Q

change of state of a gas directly into solid and vice versa is known as……

A

Sublimation

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17
Q

The phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapors at any given temperature below its boiling point is called…….

A

Evaporation

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18
Q

is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase

A

Deposition

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19
Q

is a phase transition where a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.

A

Freezing

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20
Q

a consists of particles with extremely

high kinetic energy is called?

A

Plasma

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21
Q

Can be observed or measured without changing the composition or identity of a substance is called?

A

Physical Property

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22
Q

Ability of matter to undergo transformations. Change in composition and can be observed only through chemical reaction and a new substance formed iscalled?

A

Chemical Property

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23
Q

Physical properties can be extensive or intensive.

A

true

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24
Q

-depends on the kind of matter is called?

Study These Flashcards
A

Intensive Property

25
depends on the amount of matter is called?
Extensive Property
26
only the physical appearance is altered, but composition remains unchanged is called?
Physical Change
27
is an example of a physical change, since some properties of the material change, but the identity of the matter does not
Melting
28
not only the physical appearance has been changed but also the whole composition.
Chemical change
29
is made of the same particles, can be either chemical compounds or elements are called?
Substances
30
made up of one type of atom and cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means is called?
Elements
31
made up of two or more elements that are chemically compound and can be broken down into elements by chemical reactions is called
Compounds
32
is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts and can be separated by physical changes is called?
Mixture
33
one particle completely dissolves one another. Having a uniform composition and properties throughout and also called a solution.
Homogeneous
34
mixture not uniform in composition and properties throughout. Visibly different substances or phases (solid, liquid and gas)
Heterogeneous
35
METHODsOF SEPARATION
Filtration, Distillation, Crystallization
36
is a more thorough way of separating a solid from a liquid. The most familiar example might be a coffee maker is called?
Filtration
37
Makes use of differences in volatility, a measure of how easily a substance is converted to a gas at a given temperature is called?
Distillation
38
Separates mixtures based on differences in solubility, a measure of how much solid substance remains dissolved in a given amount of a specified liquid is called?
Crystallization
39
are formed by the combination of two or more atoms is called?
Molecules
40
It is defined as the number of atoms present in a molecule
Atomicity
41
Molecules formed by only one type of atoms is called
Homo-atomic Molecule
42
Molecules formed by different types of atoms is called
Hetero-atomic Molecule
43
It is defined as the sum of atomic masses is called
Molecular Mass
44
......are the atoms or group of atoms which have a net charge on them
Ions
45
Ions containing positive charges are called
cations
46
Ions containing negative charge are called
anion
47
Ions containing only one atom are said to be monoatomic is called?
Monoatomic Ions
48
Ions containing more than one atom are said to be polyatomic is called?
Polyatomic Ions
49
It is defined as the combining capacity of an element is called?
Valency
50
Ions having the valency of 1 are said to be monovalent. is called?
Monovalent Ions
51
Ions having the valency of 2 are said to be divalent is called?
Divalent Ions
52
Ions having the valency of 3 are said to be trivalent
Trivalent Ions
53
the quantity of a substance is expressed in terms of mole
Mole
54
Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction”
Law of Conservation of Mass (Antoine Lavoisier, 1743 – 1794)
55
This law is also known as Law of definite proportions.
Law of Constant Proportion(Joseph Louis Proust, 1754 – 1826)
56
When two elements form a series of compounds
Law of Multiple Proportion(John Dalton, 1766 – 1844)
57
Nucleons include protons and neutrons
true
58
are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons in their atomic nuclei.
Isotopes
59
also known as nuclear notation
Isotope Notation

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