Chemistry

Question 1

Define ELECTRON

Answer 1

Electron -

Question 2

Define NUCLEUS

Answer 2

Nucleus -

Question 3

Define NEUTRON

Answer 3

Neutron -

Question 4

Define PROTON

Answer 4

Proton -

Question 5

Define COMPOUND

Answer 5

Compound - a chemical bond between two or more elements - cannot be easily separated

Question 6

Define MIXTURE

Answer 6

Mixture - when the atoms are not joined together and can be separated more easily than in compounds

Question 7

What type of MICROSCOPE can let us see the OUTLINE of ATOMS?

Answer 7

Electron microscope

Question 8

Who DISCOVERED ATOMS?

Answer 8

John Dalton

Question 9

Define ELEMENT

Answer 9

Element - made up of atoms identical in mass and properties - can be solid, liquid or gas.

Question 10

What are the POSITIONS of an ELECTRON called?

Answer 10

Shells / energy levels

Question 11

How many ELECTRONS can the 1ST SHELL contain?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

How many ELECTRONS can the 2ND SHELL contain?

Question 13

How many ELECTRONS can the 3RD SHELL contain?

Question 14

What KINDS of ATOMS travel in PAIRS?

Question 15

Which KIND of ATOM usually COME FIRST in chemical formulae?

Answer 15

Metals

Question 16

Which KIND of ATOM usually COME LAST in chemical formulae?

Question 17

What TABLE shows all of the known ELEMENTS?

Answer 17

Periodic Table

Question 18

What does the law of CONSERVATION OF MASS SAY?

Answer 18

That a chemical reaction or a change of state does not change the total mass.

Question 19

Why CAN’T a chemical reaction or a change of state CHANGE the TOTAL MASS?

Answer 19

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed

Question 20

What is PRESSURE MEASURED IN?

Answer 20

Pascals / Pa

Question 21

What can TRAVEL through VACUUMS? Why?

Answer 21

Electromagnetic waves - they do not need particles to travel

Question 22

What is an EXAMPLE of a VACUUM?

Answer 22

Space

Question 23

What happens to a MARSHMALLOW in a VACUUM?

Answer 23

It expands

Question 24

Define VACUUM

Answer 24

Vacuum - completely devoid of any matter, including particles

Question 25

What BONDS are ATOMS in MOLECULES always joined by?

Answer 25

Covalent bonds

Question 26

How STRONG are the INTERMOLECULAR FORCES between the atoms?

Answer 26

WEAK

Question 27

What are the PROPERTIES of MOLECULES joined by COVALENT BONDS?

Answer 27

``` They tend to: Have low boiling points Have low melting points Be poor electrical conductors Be poor thermal conductors ```

Question 28

How are MOLECULES FORMED?

Answer 28

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Question 29

What KINDS of ATOMS form COVALENT BONDS?

Answer 29

Non-metals

Question 30

Define COVALENT BONDING

Answer 30

Covalent bonding - when atoms share the electrons in their outer shells

Question 31

How STRONG is the BONDING between COVALENT BONDS?

Answer 31

Strong

Question 32

Define MOLECULE

Answer 32

Molecule - tow or more atoms joined through covalent bonds

Question 33

What are MOLECULES containing TWO ATOMS called?

Answer 33

Diatomic

Question 34

Name the BONDS that 3 ATOMIC GROUPS will form

Answer 34

Group 7 atoms will form single bonds. Group 6 atoms will form double bonds. Group 5 atoms will form triple bonds.

Question 35

Which of the following are examples of compounds? Plastic Hydrogen Orange juice Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen

Question 36

Define CHANGE OF STATE

Answer 36

Change of state - when a substance is heated or cooled, which causes the particles to move faster or slower and take a different arrangement in space

Question 37

What can one USE to CREATE a VACUUM?

Answer 37

Vacuum pump