Chemistry - Mixtures Flashcards
(25 cards)
Define MIXTURE
Mixture -containing two or more substances
What are the 3 KINDS of MIXTURE?
Three different kinds of mixture:
- Suspension
- Colloid
- Solution
Define SUSPENSION
Suspension -the substances are not chemically bonded: they will separate over time
Define COLLOID
Colloid -the substances are chemically bonded: they are now one substance, and can not be separated easily
Define SOLUTION
Solution -the solute is dissolved in the solvent
Define SOLUTE
Solute -the solid
Define SOLVENT
Solvent -the liquid
If the SOLUTE is SOLUABLE…
a SOLUTION is FORMED.
If the SOLUTE is INSOLUABLE…
a SUSPENSION is FORMED.
How do you WORK OUT the MASS of the SOLUTION?
Mass of SOLUTION = Mass of SOLUTE + Mass of SOLVENT
What does the LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS STATE?
You will always end up with the same amount of mass that you started with.
What are the 4 METHODS of SEPARTATING MIXURES?
- Filtration
- Evaporation
- Distillation
- Chromatography
What is FILTERING used to SEPARTE?
Insoluble solids from a suspension -e.g. sand mixed into water
What is EVAPORATION used to SEPARATE?
Soluble solids from a solution/colloid -e.g. salt dissolved in water
What is DISTILLATION used to SEPARTE?
Liquid from a mixture -e.g. alcohol from watered alcohol
What is CHROMATOGRAPHY used for?
Identifying individual soluble substances in a mixture -e.g. dyes found in ink
What are the 2 WAYS to CHANGE STATE?
- Heating
- Cooling
What are 2 WAYS of HEATING
- Melting
- Boiling
What are 2 WAYS of COOLING
- Condensing
- Freezing
What CHANGE of STATE is MELTING?
Solid to Liquid
What CHANGE of STATE is BOILING?
Liquid to Gas
What CHANGE of STATE is CONSENSING?
Gas to Liquid
What CHANGE of STATE is FREEZING?
Liquid to Solid
What HAPPENS in BOILING?
Evaporation
