Chemistry

Question 1

The study of matter

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

the smallest living organisms and the building blocks of life

Answer 2

Cells

Question 3

the building blocks of elements

Answer 3

Atoms

Question 4

What are atoms made of?

Answer 4

protons, neutrons, and electrons

Positive charge, no charge, and negative charge

Question 5

The center of an atom compromised by protons and neutrons

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

the areas in an atom where electrons exist orbiting the nucleus

Answer 6

Electron Shells

Question 7

the outermost electron shell in an atom

Answer 7

Valence shell

Question 8

the electrons in the valence shell

Answer 8

Valence electrons

Question 9

most elements are most stable with eight electrons in their valence shell

Answer 9

Octet rule

Question 10

an atom with a positive and negative charge

Answer 10

ion

Question 11

the force connecting a positively charged atom with a negatively charged one

Answer 11

Ionic Bond

Question 12

the force between two or more atoms sharing electrons in their valence shell

Answer 12

Covalent Bond

Question 13

the force between two elements in a polar molecule

Answer 13

Polar bonding

Question 14

when the electrons are evenly distributed among the atoms in a molecule

Answer 14

non-polar bonding

Question 15

what are the two covalent bonds?

Answer 15

polar and non-polar bonding

Question 16

how many electrons and protons does carbon have?

Answer 16

six electrons and six protons

Question 17

Carbon can form how many covalent bond with other atoms?

Answer 17

single, double, and triple covalent bonds

Question 18

when atoms come together to make a molecule or when a molecule breaks up into separate atoms

Answer 18

chemical reaction

Question 19

the atoms that come together to form a molecule in a chemical reaction

Answer 19

reactant

Question 20

the molecule that results from reactants coming together

Answer 20

product

Question 21

matter cannot be created or destroyed

Answer 21

first law of thermodynamics

Question 22

entropy; given enough time everything wears out and falls apart

Answer 22

Second law of thermodynamics

Question 23

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid

Answer 23

the building blocks of life

all of these contain carbon

Question 24

1. compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
2. give energy to living cells
3. provide structure to things like plants, fungi, and insects

Answer 24

carbohydrates

Question 25

What do lipids include?

Answer 25

fats, waxes, and steroids

Question 26

What are lipids used for?

Answer 26

energy, insulating, and protecting cells

Question 27

a long carbon chain with hydrogen atoms connected

Answer 27

fatty acids

Question 28

fatty acids bound to a molecule of glycerol

Answer 28

Glycerides | a chain of three carbons, each connected to oxygen and hydrogen

Question 29

similar to fatty acids and used to make plants and animals water resistant

Answer 29

waxes

Question 30

made from four carbon rings with a tail

Answer 30

steroids | some steroids are chemical messengers

Question 31

what cell membranes are made of

Answer 31

cholesterol

Question 32

What are proteins made of?

Answer 32

amino acids | there are twenty different kinds

Question 33

the force linking amino acids

Answer 33

peptide bonds

Question 34

fifty or more amino acids linking together

Answer 34

protein

Question 35

each protein has a unique shape allowing it to ___________

Answer 35

have function

Question 36

what do proteins form the structure of?

Answer 36

organs and tissues

Question 37

what do proteins carry out?

Answer 37

chemical reactions to the body | proteins act as chemical messengers

Question 38

a type of protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction

Answer 38

enzyme

Question 39

1. found in the nucleus of a cell | 2. made of nucleotides which form DNA and RNA

Answer 39

Nucleic acids

Question 40

the code of a cell

Answer 40

DNA and RNA