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Lessons > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is condensation

A

A gas to liquid

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1
Q

What is evaporation

A

A liquid to gas

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2
Q

What does potable mean

A

Safe to drink

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3
Q

What is desalination

A

removal of salt from water

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4
Q

How do you test for starch

A

Use iodine
Starch - Blue/black
No starch - Orange

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5
Q

How do you test for Chlorine gas

A

Litmus paper

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6
Q

What is an endothermic reaction

A

a chemical reaction that takes in heat

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7
Q

What is an exothermic reaction

A

A chemical reaction that releases heat

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8
Q

Factors that affect the rate of reaction

A

Temperature
Concentration
Catalyst
Surface area
Pressure

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9
Q

What does the word Inert mean

A

Non-reactive

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10
Q

Describe the arrangement of a solid

A

Very close together
Vibrates
Regular pattern

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11
Q

Describe the arrangement of a liquid

A

Close
Moves over each other
Randomly arranged

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12
Q

Describe the arrangement of a gas

A

Far apart
Particles move at fast pace
Randomly arranged

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13
Q

What is sublimentation

A

A solid to a gas

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14
Q

What is depostition

A

A gas to a Solid

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15
Q

What is melting

A

A solid to a Liquid

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16
Q

What is Freezing

A

A liquid to a solid

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17
Q

What is a melting point

A

in which a solid starts to turn into a liquid at a specific temperature

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18
Q

What is a boiling point

A

in which a liquid starts to turn into a gas at a specific temperature

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19
Q

What is Complete combustion

A

The reaction of a substance with oxygen

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20
Q

What is incomplete combustion

A

The reaction of a hydrocarbon with an insufficient amount of oxygen

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21
Q

What is group 1 on the periodic table called

A

Alkali metals

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22
Q

What is group 2 called on the periodic table called

A

Alkane earth metals

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23
Q

What is group 7 called on the periodic table called

A

Hallogens

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24
Q

What is group 8 called on the periodic table called

A

noble gases

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25
Q

What is an isotope

A

An element with the same protons but different neutrons

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26
Q

What substances do ionic bonds contain

A

Metal + non-metal

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27
Q

What substances do covalent bonds contain

A

Non-metal + non-metal

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28
Q

What substances do metallic bonds contain

A

Metal + Metal

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29
Q

Are covalent forces weak or strong

A

weak

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30
Q

Are metallic forces strong or weak

A

Strong

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31
Q

Are ionic forces strong or weak

A

Strong electrostatic forces

32
Q

How is a ionic bond structured

A

Form a lattice of ions

33
Q

How is a covalent bond structured

A

A nucleus containing protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons

34
Q

How is a metallic bond structured

A

arranged in a regular pattern

35
Q

What does a ionic bond do with electrons

A

Transfers

36
Q

What does a covalent bond do with atoms

A

Shares

37
Q

What does a metallic bond do with atoms

A

Imbedded in a sea of delocalised electrons

38
Q

What does universal indicator tell us

A

how acidic or how alkaline a substance is

39
Q

What does litmus paper tell us

A

whether a substance is an acid or an alkali

40
Q

What colours does methyl orange indicator emit when presented with a substance

A

Acid - red/orange
Neutral - yellow
Alkaline- yellow

41
Q

What colours does phenolphthalein indicator emit when presented with a substance

A

Acid - clear
Neutral - clear
Alkali - pink

42
Q

does reactivity in group 1 increase or decrease as you down

A

increase

43
Q

Does reactivity in group 7 increase or decrease as you go down

A

decrease

44
Q

What are bases

A

Substances that react with acids

45
Q

what colours does litmus paper indicator emit when presented with a substance

A

Acid - Red
Neutral - Purple
Alkaline - Blue

46
Q

Why is metal a good conductor of electricity

A

Delocalised electrons can move and carry electrical energy through the metal

47
Q

What happens to an atom when it contains extra neutrons

A

becomes unstable/radioactive

48
Q

what can be used to extract a metal from ores

A

electrolysis

49
Q

What equipment do you need for filtration

A

Beaker, conical flask, filter paper and funnel

50
Q

What is the mean rate of reaction

A

product formed/time taken

51
Q

How do you test for hydrogen

A

Light splint (makes squeaky pop if its hydrogen)

52
Q

How do you test for Carbon dioxide

A

Lime water (Goes cloudy if CO2)

53
Q

How do you test for Oxygen

A

Glowing splint

54
Q

What is crude oil made of

A

Hydrocarbons

55
Q

What is an alkane

A

A group of hydrocarbons where there are only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms

56
Q

How many carbon atoms does methane have

A

1

57
Q

How many carbon atoms does ethane have

A

2

58
Q

How many carbon atoms does propane have

A

3

59
Q

How many carbon atoms does butane have

A

4

60
Q

what does homologous mean

A

same structure

61
Q

What is an alkene

A

A Hydrocarbon with a double covalent bond

62
Q

What happens when we crack and alkane

A

we get an alkane and an alkene

63
Q

what is the word equation for incomplete combustion

A

Oxygen + Fuel –) Carbon monoxide + Water + soot

64
Q

What is the word equation for complete conbustion

A

Oxygen + fuel —) carbon dioxide + water

65
Q

describe current

A

The flow of charged particles

66
Q

What is a positive ion called

A

Cation

67
Q

What is a negative ion called

A

Anion

68
Q

What is ionisation

A

The loss or gain of an electron

69
Q

What is electrolysis

A

The process of splitting up ionic compounds

70
Q

What is oxidation

A

The gain of oxygen but the loss of electrons

71
Q

What is reduction

A

The gain of electrons but the loss of oxygen

72
Q

What does Ar mean

A

Atomic mass

73
Q

What does Mr mean

A

formula mass

74
Q

What do alkalis release when dissolved in water

A

OH- ions

74
Q

What do acids release when dissolved in water

A

H+ ions

75
Q

What are the 3 main acids

A

Sulphuric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrochloric acid

76
Q

Why do metals have high boiling points

A

needs high levels of thermal energy to break solids strong structure

Lessons (5 decks)

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