Chemistry

Question 1

State the greenhouse gases

Answer 1

Methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and water vapour

Question 2

What do greenhouse gasses do?

Answer 2

Traps heat in the atmosphere

Question 3

What is global warming?

Answer 3

The gradual increase in earths average surface temperature primarily caused by the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Question 4

Which gas is causing an enhanced greenhouse effect?

Answer 4

CO2 Carbon dioxide

Question 5

Give a reason why the amount of this gas is increasing

Answer 5

Burning fossil fuels

Question 6

State 2 effects of climate change

Answer 6

Sea levels rise, frequent extreme whether events

Question 7

State two ways that humans are trying to reduce the effects of climate change?

Answer 7

Using electric cars, solar panels

Question 9

What type of combustion produces carbon monoxide?

Answer 9

Incomplete combustion

Question 10

What is the problem with carbon monoxide?

Answer 10

It is very poisonous to humans and is a huge health hazard and can be fatal as it displaces oxygen in the blood

Question 12

What are some effects of carbon monoxide in humans?

Answer 12

Fatigue, headaches, confusion, and dizziness

Question 13

How is soot produced?

Answer 13

During incomplete combustion where there is not enough oxygen to burn completely

Question 14

What is soot?

Answer 14

A deep black flaky substance consisting largely of amphoras carbon produced where there isn’t enough oxygen to burn properly

Question 15

What are the problem that soot can cause?

Answer 15

Problems with: breathing, skin, sight

Question 16

Where does sulfur,that reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide come from?

Answer 16

Found in fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas

Question 17

How does acid rain form from sulfur dioxide gas?

Answer 17

When it reacts with water in the atmosphere, creating sulfric acid

Question 18

What problems can acid rain cause?

Answer 18

Damage to buildings, structures, statues and woodland

Question 19

How are oxides of nitrogen produced and where?

Answer 19

When nitrogen and oxygen in the air react, especially at high temperatures

Question 20

What is produced when the oxides of nitrogen react with sunlight?

Answer 20

Smog and ozone

Question 21

How can nitrogen dioxide be a problem for humans?

Answer 21

It can cause respiratory problems, worsen existing respiratory problems and potentially increase the risk of developing athsma

Question 22

What is formed when nitrogen dioxide dissolves in water?

Answer 22

A mixture of nitric acid and nitrous acid.

Question 23

What is the rock cycle?

Answer 23

The rock cycle is the continuous process by which rocks are formed, broken down, and reformed over time.

The rock cycle includes processes such as weathering, erosion, sedimentation, and metamorphism.

Question 24

What are the three main types of rocks?

Answer 24

The three main types of rocks are:
* Igneous
* Sedimentary
* Metamorphic

Each type of rock is formed through different processes.

Question 25

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 25

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock (magma or lava). ## Footnote Igneous rocks can be classified as intrusive (formed inside the Earth) or extrusive (formed on the surface).

Question 26

Define sedimentary rocks.

Answer 26

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles. ## Footnote This process often occurs in layers and can include fossils.

Question 27

What process leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 27

Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids. ## Footnote This transformation is known as metamorphism.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces is called _______.

Answer 28

weathering ## Footnote Weathering can be caused by physical, chemical, or biological processes.

Question 29

What is erosion?

Answer 29

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from one location and transported to another. ## Footnote Erosion can be caused by water, wind, ice, or gravity.

Question 30

True or False: Sedimentary rocks can contain fossils.

Answer 30

True ## Footnote Fossils are often found in sedimentary rocks because they form in environments where organisms can be buried.

Question 31

What is the role of the sun in the rock cycle?

Answer 31

The sun provides energy that drives processes like weathering, erosion, and sedimentation. ## Footnote Solar energy influences the climate, which in turn affects the rock cycle.

Question 32

What is the significance of the rock cycle?

Answer 32

The rock cycle is significant because it explains the formation and transformation of rocks, which are fundamental to Earth's geology. ## Footnote Understanding the rock cycle helps in studying natural resources and geological processes.

Question 33

Complete combustion

Answer 33

A fuel reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water

Question 34

Incomplete combustion

Answer 34

Happens when the oxygen supply of air is poor

Question 35

Define and exethermic reaction

Answer 35

Transfers energy , often as heat to the surroundings (it gets hotter)

Question 36

Define an endothermic reaction

Answer 36

It takes in energy, often as heat from the surroundings (it gets cooler)

Question 37

What are sedimentary rocks made from?

Answer 37

Small pieces of other rocks and animals

Question 38

How is a fossil formed?

Answer 38

Bones get trapped in the rock and make an imprint

Question 39

Name three types of sedimentary rocks

Answer 39

Sandstone, limestone, conglomerate

Question 40

What are the three types of wheathering?

Answer 40

Physical, chemical, biological