Chemistry Flashcards
(77 cards)
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Atom
Basic complete unit of an element
Cation
Positively charged ion
Covalent bond
chemical bond in which electron pairs are shared between atoms
electron
negatively charged atomic particle
group
column of elements in the periodic table
ion
positively or negatively charged atom or molecule
ionic bond
the bond between two oppositely charged ions (transfer of electrons)
neutron
no electric charge
orbital
area around the nucleus where an electron can be found
period
one of seven horizontal rows in the periodic table
periodic table
the table of elements expressed as columns and rows
proton
positively charged atomic particle
valence electron
electron in an outer orbital that can form bonds with other atoms
boiling point
temperature at which a liquid cools and turns into vapor
chemical properties
characteristics of a material that present during a chemical reaction or chemical change
density
amount of mass per volume
diffusion
passive movement of substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
extensive properties
properties that depend on size of the sample of a substance
intensive properties
properties that do not dependent on size of sample of a substance
malleability
ability of a metal to be shaped
melting point
temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
nonpolar
type of covalent bond in which two atoms share electrons at equal distances from their atomic nuclei
osmosis
passage of fluid thorough a membrane