Physical Science Flashcards
(27 cards)
Solid
Fixed shape and volume; tightly packed particles that vibrate in place
Liquid
Definite volume but takes the shape of container; particles are loosely packed and flow past each other.
Gas
No fixed shape or volume; particles move freely and are far apart
Plasma (extra state)
high-energy state where electrons are stripped found in stars and lightning
physical change
changes appearance, not chemical identity (melting, boiling, freezing, dissolving)
chemical change
produces new substances (rusting, burning, baking a cake)
Temperature
measure of average kinetic energy of particles
heat
transfer of energy due to temperature difference
conduction
direct contact (pan or stove)
convection
movement in fluids (boiling water)
radiation
electromagnetic waves (sunlight)
Celsius
water freezes at 0 C, boils at 100 C
Fahrenheit
Water freezes at 32 F, boils at 212 F
Kelvin
Absolute zero is 0 K
molecule
two or more atoms bonded
homogeneous
uniform (salt water)
heterogeneous
not uniform (salad)
energy
ability to do work or cause change
kinetic
energy of motion
potential
stored energy
thermal
heat energy
chemical
in chemical bonds
mechanical
moving parts
electrical
flow of electrons