Chemistry 1B Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is cracking?
Longer molecules produced from fractional distillation are turned into smaller ones- cracking
How is cracking completed?
- The long-chain hydrocarbon is heated to vaporise it 2. The vapour is passed over a catalyst at high temperatures 3. The long-chain molecules split apart
What are the products of cracking?
Most of the products of cracking are alkanes and alkenes
What are alkenes?
Hydrocarbons which have a double bond between two of the carbon atoms in their chain
How can you test for an alkene?
By adding the substance to bromine water, an alkene will change it from orange to colourless.
What is polymerisation?
Joining together lots of small alkene molecules (monomers) to form very large molecules (polymers)
What do we use vegetable oils for?
- In food
- For cooking
- To produce fuels
What kind of bonds do unsaturated oils contain?
Unsaturated oils contain C=C double bonds
Unsaturated fats are healthier than saturated fats. True or False?
True
Who came up with the continental drift theory?
Alfred Wegener
What is the continental drift theory?
The theory that the earth broke into smaller chunks which moved apart, making our modern-day continents which are still moving apart
What are the parts the earth is made of?
The earth has a crust, mantle, outer core and inner core
What is the tectonic plates theory?
Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the earth’s mantle
Why can’t we predict earthquakes?
It is impossible to predict when the tectonic plate’s are going to move
What gases did the early atmosphere contain?
The early earth was mostly carbon dioxide with smaller proportions of water vapour, ammonia and methane
What gases are in today’s atmosphere?
Today’s atmosphere is made up of oxygen, nitrogen, argon and CO2
