Chemistry Flashcards
(19 cards)
Chemical reaction
a process that involves an interaction between two or more chemicals that produce one or more new chemical compounds. It can also change the properties of the mixed chemicals.
How can you tell a chemical reaction has occurred?
- Change in state
- Emitting gas/light
- Colour change
- Temperature change
What actually happens during a chemical reaction?
Bonds between atoms, known as the reactants are broken to rearrange and form new bonds known as products.
What are the six types of chemical reactions
Combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, acid- carbonate, combustion
List six factors that affect the rate of a reaction.
- The concentration of the substances reacting
- The temperature
- The size of the particles, surface area
- A catalyst being present, agitation
- Physical state of reactants, enzymes
- agitation
Aqueous solution:
A solution of a substance dissolved in water
Product:
a substance produced by a chemical reaction
Reactant:
the initial substance of a chemical reaction
Ion:
an atom that has gained or lost electrons to become electrically charged.
Anion:
a negatively charged ion.
Cation:
a positively charged ion.
Precipitate:
the insoluble product of a precipitation reaction
Polyatomic:
having many atoms
Soluble
able to dissolve
Insoluble:
does not dissolve
Catalyst:
chemicals that speed up reaction but are used up during the reaction. They can be considered ‘chemical helpers’ that help the reactants for the products in either of two ways. They reduce the amount of energy that is required to convert the reactants into products. Or they make it easier for reactant molecules to collide and form products.
Agitation:
the stirring of reactants to increase the rate of reaction.
Concentrated:
the amount of reactant present in a particular volume of liquid that can increase the rate of reaction.
Enzyme:
biological catalysts, that speed up the rate of reaction.
