chemistry

Question 1

nucleus of atom contains (2)

(2) properties of above particles

Answer 1

protons and neutrons

measurable: mass & electrical charge

(nucleus has >mass than electrons)

Question 2

atomic number

Answer 2

number of protons in nucleus (Z)

PROTONS ONLY

Question 3

solvent

Answer 3

something that creates the dissolving

Question 4

hydration

Answer 4

water is the solvent

Question 5

compounds

Answer 5

2 or more elements bound by chemical reaction

Question 6

hill system

Answer 6

oxygen is listed last in oxides
ionic compounds– positive ion is listed first

or
carbon hydrogen and then alphabetical order

Question 7

charge of an atom

Answer 7

protons - electron

Question 8

neutral atomic number

Answer 8

= to number of electrons

Question 9

atomic mass

Answer 9

total neutrons and protons in nucleus (A)

A= Z+N

Question 10

atomic weight

Answer 10

1/12 ratio to that of atomic mass of carbon

Question 11

volume of rectangular prism

Answer 11

l * w * h

Question 12

volume of irregular shape

Answer 12

how much water it displaces

Question 13

formula to find density

Answer 13

D = mass/ Volume (g/cm3)

Question 14

specific gravity

Answer 14

ratio: substance density /
density of water

substance is less dense than water it floats

buoyancy is what occurs if specific gravity of substance is around 1 = to that of water

density of water at room tem_
1.00g/cm3

at room temperature the density of the substance will always be itself

pressure/ temp will affect the specific gravity ratio

Question 15

chemical prop. are determined by

Answer 15

outer shell valence electron configuration

electron configuration

Question 16

periodic table

Answer 16

ordered by atomic number
letter - name of element
number - atomic number

Question 17

groups and columbs in perodic table

Answer 17

similarities in outter shell
similar chem properties
roman numerials and uppercase letters

Question 18

classification within the periodic tables groups and are the ___ on the periodic table

how do they group the elements?

Answer 18

columns

similar electron configuration - so that element groups contain elements that react chemically similar

1 alkiliine metals
2 alkine earth metals
3-12 transition metals 
13 boron 
14 carbon
15 pnictogens
16 chalcogens 
17 halogins 
18 noble gasses

Question 19

define matter

Answer 19

substances that have mass and occupy volume

Question 20

name 4 states of matter

name diff in atoms that create diff states of matter

Answer 20

solids - atoms ridged , strong bonds

liquid - atoms move, weak bonds

gas - atomsindependent of ea other, far apart, not bonded

plasma - ionized gas (free electrons-not bound to atom)

*diff distances and angles between molecules/atoms – resulting in diff in energy that binds them

Question 21

what is an atom called if the number of protons do not = the number of electrons

what is an atom if they are =

Answer 21

ion

neutral

Question 22

hierarchy of matter

Answer 22

atoms- molecules- elements- compounds

Question 23

define element

how is it identified

Answer 23

matter with one particular type of atom

atomic number

Question 24

define compounds

how are they formed

what method separates them,

Answer 24

substance with >2 elements

formed by chemical reactions -which cause them to have diff properties than original elements

& decomposed via chemical – not physical

Question 25

what is a mixture

Answer 25

>2 substances mixed , but not chem. combined

Question 26

elements found in the human body | main (4)

Answer 26

carbon nitrogen oxygen hydrogen

Question 27

how is atomic mass notated

Answer 27

eg: carbon-12 hydrongen-1

Question 28

define mol

Answer 28

amm (substance) containing as many elementary entities as there as atoms in .012 kg of carbon-12

Question 29

carbon atomic number

Answer 29

6 so it has 6 protons in nucleus

Question 30

carbon has how many electrons? forms what kind of bonds ? how many?

Answer 30

4 electrons 4 covalent chemical bonds

Question 31

name and define the 4 types of chemical bonds

Answer 31

``` ionic bonds- lg diff in electro - broken down via H20 >1.7 metals---salts nondirect bonding +/- ions ``` covalent bonds- sm diff in electro-

Question 32

electronegativity

Answer 32

quantitative representation of an atoms ability to attract an electron to itself

Question 33

lone pair of electron

Answer 33

non binding electrons that sit in 2's on the central atom of the compound eg- H20 exhibits hydrogen bonding and polarity as a result of the bonding

Question 34

chemical properties (define) give examples

Answer 34

qualities of a substance based on chem reactions ``` eg- atomic number electron config electron per shell electornegativity isotopes atomic radius ```

Question 35

physical properties

Answer 35

observed or measured w/o chem reactions ``` eg- color elasticity mass vol temp ```

Question 36

mass

Answer 36

amount of matter in an object

Question 37

weight

Answer 37

measure of gravitational pull

Question 38

volume

Answer 38

measure the amount of space vol of cube = legenth of tube rec prisim= l*w*h irregular shaped obi= displacement

Question 39

density

Answer 39

unit of mass per unit volume D= m/vol g/cm3

Question 40

what determines chem properties of an atom

Answer 40

electrons in the outer most valence shell determined also by number of protons and electrons

Question 41

what releases or consumes energy

Answer 41

chemical reaction

Question 42

how are elements arranged (in order) on the periodic table? how many recognized elements are there? how many are naturally occurring? what do the rows indicate?

Answer 42

atomic number 114 98 7 rows = same electron subshell the number represents the number of electrons in the subshell

Question 43

atomic radii decreases

Answer 43

decreases from left to right in a period//row

Question 44

in a group or column the radii

Answer 44

increases

Question 45

which is larger (metals) atomic radii ionic radii

Answer 45

atomic radii for metals is larger

Question 46

which is larger (non-metals)

Answer 46

ionic radii is larger for nonmetals

Question 47

from left to right on the periodic table the likeness of (electronegativity ) increases or decreases

Answer 47

increases | electro- is the likeliness on one atom taking on another's electrons

Question 48

group | electo- (increases/decreases) going from top to bottom

Answer 48

decreases

Question 49

what is ionization energy the amount of ionizatin energy ___ across a row the ammount of ionizating energy __down a column

Answer 49

amm of energy needed to get rid of outter most electron increases decrease ( note that most things increase across and decrease down )