Chemistry A molecular approach - Concepts. 130m Flashcards
(185 cards)
1
Q
Atoms and Molecules
A
2
Q
The Scientific Approach to Knowledge
A
3
Q
The Classification of Matter
A
4
Q
The Properties of Matter
A
5
Q
Energy
A
6
Q
The Units of Measurement and Significant Figures
A
7
Q
Brownian Motion
A
8
Q
The Atomic Theory
A
9
Q
The Electron
A
10
Q
The Nuclear Atom
A
11
Q
Subatomic Particles
A
12
Q
The Periodic Table
A
13
Q
Atomic Mass and the Mole
A
14
Q
Chemical Bonds
A
15
Q
Representing Molecules and Compounds
A
16
Q
Formula Mass and Mole Concept for Compounds
A
17
Q
Chemical Composition
A
18
Q
Organic Compounds
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19
Q
Climate Change and the Combustion of Fossil Fuels
A
20
Q
Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
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21
Q
Reaction Stoichiometry
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22
Q
Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield
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23
Q
Combustion, Alkali Metals, and Halogens
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24
Q
Solution Concentration and Stoichiometry
A
25
Aqueous Solutions and Precipitation Reactions
26
Equations for Aqueous Reactions
27
Acid–Base and Gas-Evolution Reactions
28
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
29
Pressure
30
The Simple Gas Laws
31
The Ideal Gas Law and Its Applications
32
Mixtures of Gases and Partial Pressures
33
Gas Stoichiometry
34
Kinetic Molecular Theory and Its Applications
35
Real Gases
36
The Nature of Energy and Thermodynamics
37
Heat and Work
38
Enthalpy
39
Calorimetry
40
Calculating 𝚫Hrxn
41
Environmental Problems Associated with Fossil Fuel Use
42
The Realm of Quantum Mechanics
43
The Nature of Light
44
Atomic Spectroscopy
45
The Wave Nature of Matter
46
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom
47
Periodic Properties and the Development of the Periodic Table
48
Electron Configurations
49
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
50
Effective Nuclear Charge and Periodic Trends in Atomic Size
51
Ion Properties
52
Electron Affinities and Metallic Character
53
Bonding Models and AIDS Drugs
54
Types of Chemical Bonds
55
The Lewis Model and Electron Dots
56
Ionic Lewis Structures and Lattice Energy
57
Covalent Lewis Structures, Electronegativity, and Polarity
58
Resonance and Formal Charge
59
Exceptions to the Octet Rule
60
Bond Energies and Bond Lengths
61
Bonding in Metals
62
Molecular Shape and VSEPR Theory
63
Polarity
64
Valence Bond Theory
65
Molecular Orbital Theory
66
Solids, Liquids, and Intermolecular Forces
67
Surface Tension, Viscosity, and Capillary Action
68
Vaporization and Vapor Pressure
69
Fusion and Sublimation
70
Phase Diagrams
71
The Uniqueness of Water
72
Crystalline Structures
73
Ionic Solids
74
Network Covalent Atomic Solids
75
Ceramics, Cement, and Glass
76
Semiconductors and Band Theory
77
Polymers and Plastics
78
Solutions
79
Solubility and Energetics of Solution Formation
80
Solution Equilibrium
81
Concentration Units
82
Vapor Pressure Lowering, Freezing Point Depression, Boiling Point Elevation, and Osmosis
83
Colloids
84
Reaction Rates, Orders, and Rate Laws
85
Integrated Rate Laws and Half-Life
86
The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
87
Reaction Mechanisms
88
Catalysis
89
The Equilibrium Constant
90
Dynamic Equilibrium
91
The Equilibrium Constant Expression
92
The Equilibrium Constant, K
93
States of Matter and the Equilibrium Constant
94
Calculating K
95
The Reaction Quotient, Q
96
Finding Equilibrium Concentrations
97
Le Châtelier’s Principle
98
Heartburn
99
The Nature of Acids and Bases
100
Definitions of Acids and Bases
101
Acid Strength and the Acid Dissociation Constant, Ka
102
Autoionization of Water and pH
103
Finding the [H3O + ] and pH of Strong and Weak Acid Solutions
104
Base Solutions
105
Ions as Acids and Bases
106
Polyprotic Acids
107
Acid Strength and Molecular Structure
108
Lewis Acids and Bases
109
Acid Rain
110
The Danger of Antifreeze
111
Buffers - Solutions That Resist pH Change
112
Buffer Range and Buffer Capacity
113
Titrations and pH Curves
114
Solubility Equilibria and the Solubility Product Constant
115
Precipitation
116
Qualitative Chemical Analysis
117
Complex Ion Equilibria
118
Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes
119
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
120
The Entropy Changes Associated with Changes of State
121
Heat Transfer and Changes in the Entropy of the Surroundings
122
Gibbs Free Energy
123
Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions - Calculating 𝚫S° rxn
124
Free Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions - Calculating 𝚫G° rxn
125
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States - The Relationship between 𝚫G° rxn and 𝚫Grxn
126
Free Energy and Equilibrium - Relating 𝚫G° rxn to the Equilibrium Constant (K)
127
Pulling the Plug on the Power Grid
128
Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations
129
Voltaic (or Galvanic) Cells - Generating Electricity from Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
130
Standard Electrode Potentials
131
Cell Potential, Free Energy, and the Equilibrium Constant
132
Cell Potential and Concentration
133
Batteries - Using Chemistry to Generate Electricity
134
Electrolysis - Driving Nonspontaneous Chemical Reactions with Electricity
135
Corrosion - Undesirable Redox Reactions
136
Diagnosing Appendicitis
137
The Discovery of Radioactivity
138
Types of Radioactivity
139
The Valley of Stability - Predicting the Type of Radioactivity
140
Detecting Radioactivity
141
The Kinetics of Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
142
The Discovery of Fission - The Atomic Bomb and Nuclear Power
143
Converting Mass to Energy - Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
144
Nuclear Fusion - The Power of the Sun
145
Nuclear Transmutation and Transuranium Elements
146
The Effects of Radiation on Life
147
Radioactivity in Medicine
148
Fragrances and Odors
149
Carbon
150
Hydrocarbons
151
Alkanes
152
Alkenes and Alkynes
153
Hydrocarbon Reactions
154
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
155
Functional Groups
156
Alcohols
157
Aldehydes and Ketones
158
Carboxylic Acids and Esters
159
Ethers
160
Amines
161
Diabetes and the Synthesis of Human Insulin
162
Lipids
163
Carbohydrates
164
Proteins and Amino Acids
165
Protein Structure
166
Nucleic Acids
167
DNA Replication, the Double Helix, and Protein Synthesis
168
Bonding and Properties
169
The Most Common Matter - Silicates
170
Boron
171
Carbon
172
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
173
Oxygen
174
Sulfur
175
Halogens
176
General Properties
177
Natural Distribution of Metals
178
Metallurgical Processes
179
Phase Diagrams
180
Types of Alloys
181
Electron Configurations
182
Periodic Trends
183
Composition and Naming of Coordination Compounds
184
Types of Isomers
185
Crystal Field Theory
