Chemistry & Chemical Safety

Question 1

Ammonia

Answer 1

colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen

Question 2

Silicones

Answer 2

special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for skin and nail polisher dryer

Question 3

Hydrophilic

Answer 3

easily absorbs moisture; in chemistry terms, capable of combining with or attracting water (water loving)

Question 4

Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion

Answer 4

abbreviated O/W emulsion; oil droplets emulsified in water.

Question 5

Oxidizing agent

Answer 5

a substance that releases oxygen

Question 6

thioglycolic acid

Answer 6

a colorless liquid or white crystals with a strong unpleasant odor that is used in permanent waving solutions

Question 7

endothermic reaction

Answer 7

chemical reaction that requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to occur

Question 8

electrons

Answer 8

subatomic particles with a negative charge

Question 9

Chemistry

Answer 9

is the science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under differnet conditions.

Question 10

Matter

Answer 10

is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight)

Question 11

Everything known to exist in the universe is made of either_________ or _______

Answer 11

matter; energy

Question 12

element

Answer 12

is the simplest form of chemical matter and contains only one type of atom

Question 13

There are ____ elements known to science today. __________ occur naturally on earth

Answer 13

118; Ninety-eight

Question 14

atoms

Answer 14

are the basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons

Question 15

Protons

Answer 15

subatomic particles with a positive charge

Question 16

neutrons

Answer 16

subatomic particles with no charge

Question 17

molecule

Answer 17

is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions

Question 18

elemental molecule

Answer 18

a molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite proportions. ex Ozone is O^3

Question 19

compound molecules or compounds

Answer 19

chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements in definite (fixed) proportions. EX Sodium Chloride (NaCI) table salt

Question 20

Physical Change

Answer 20

is a change in the form or properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance

Question 21

Chemical change

Answer 21

is a change in the chemical composition or makeup of a substance. this change is caused by a chemical reactions that create new chemical substances, usually combining or subtracting certain elements.

Question 22

pure substance

Answer 22

is a chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proptions. EX. water and salt 2 hydrogens atoms per oxygen atom H2O

Question 23

physical mixture

Answer 23

is a physical combination of matter in any proportion. EX SALT WATER

Question 24

solution

Answer 24

is a stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances. ex salt water

Question 25

solute

Answer 25

is the substance that is dissolved in a solution. ex salt

Question 26

solvent

Answer 26

is the substance that dissolves the solute and makes the solution

Question 27

miscible

Answer 27

liquids are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form solutions. ex water and alcohol (nail polish remover)