Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Chemistry flashcards - year 10 (mocks) > Flashcards

Chemistry flashcards - year 10 (mocks)

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what does (aq) mean

A

aqueous (dissolved in water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the relative mass of a proton

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the relative mass of a neutron

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the relative mass of an electron

A

negligible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the relative charge of a proton

A

+1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the relative charge of a neutron

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the relative charge of an electron

A

-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the mass number

A

the amount of protons and neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the atomic number

A

how many protons are in an atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are isotopes

A

different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where are the reactive metals on the periodic table

A

on the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where are the non metals on the periodic table

A

on the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the row of an element on the periodic table show

A

how many shells it has

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does a column on the periodic table show

A

how many electrons are in its outside shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is another word for shells

A

energy levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the lowest energy level

A

the first one / closest to nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how are irons formed

A

when an atom looses or gains an electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is special about ions

A

they are charged (negatively or positively)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens when an electron is gained

A

electrons are negatively charged so the atom will become a negatively charged ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are all the different types of bonding

A

ionic
covalent
metallic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

opposites _______

A

attract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

why do atoms react

A

to gain a full outside shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what happens in ionic bonding

A

an electron is lost or gained so that one atom becomes positively charged and the other becomes negatively charged so they form a bond because opposites attract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what happens in covalent bonding

A

multiple atoms share electron to get full outside shells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what happens in metallic bonding
the electrons from the outside shell of the metal become delocalised and are therefore positively charged so they attract the positively charged metals together
26
what 2 types of atoms are used in ionic bonding
a metal and a non metal
27
why are metals and non metals used in ionic bonding
because one needs to gain an electron and one needs to loose an electron
28
what types of atoms are used in covalent bonding
non metals
29
why are only non metals used in covalent bonding
because they both require an electron so they can just share one
30
what types of atoms are used in metallic bonding
metals
31
why are only metals used in metalic bonding
because they both need to loose an electron so they loose an electron which binds them together
32
what compounds conduct electricity
ionic - conducts electricity when molten or dissolved metallic - conducts electricity when solid covalent - doesn't conduct electricity
33
what structures are each compounds
ionic - giant lattice metallic - giant covalent - simple
34
what melting points do each compounds have
ionic - high metallic - high covalent - low
35
what are giant lattice structures
giant structures combined with ionic bonding
36
what are the properties of solids
``` fixed shape low energy vibrate on the spot strong forces of attraction lattice arrangement ```
37
what are the properties of liquids
``` smaller forces of attraction more energy no definite shape constantly moving stick together but are free to move ```
38
what are the properties of gases
no forces of attraction no definite shape lots of energy free to move
39
what is the process of a solid becoming a gas without becoming a liquid in between
subliming
40
what is purity
a substance that is completely made up of a single element or compound
41
what is a mixture
a substance that is made up of multiple different types of elements and compounds
42
how do you test for a pure substance
it will have a sharp melting point (1 consistent melting point)
43
what are hydrocarbons
a compound of hydrogen and carbon
44
what is simple distillation
heating up a mixture to remove the liquid and leave the dissolved solid
45
what is fractional distillation
heating us a mixture to separate multiple different liquids of the same boiling point
46
why does distillation work
because the different liquids being separated have different boiling points
47
what is filtration
putting a mixture of an undissolved solid and a liquid into filter paper to separate them
48
what is crystallisation
heating up a mixture of a dissolved substance in a liquid to evaporate the water and leave you with just the solid
49
what does soluble mean
it can be dissolved in water
50
what is chromatography
separating the contents of a mixture onto paper using water to determine what substances are in the mixture and if its pure
51
why does chromatography work
the substances will go higher up the paper if they are more soluble because they are less attracted to the paper and will spend more time in the mobile phase rather then the stationary phase
52
what is the formula to calculate Rf value
distance travelled by solute (substance) divided by distance travelled by solvent (water)
53
what are the 3 stages of water treatment
filtration sedimentation chlorination
54
what happens during filtration
the water is put through wire mesh screens to remove any large solids
55
what happens during sedimentation
substances are added to the water to make unwanted impurities clump together and sink to the bottom
56
what happens during chlorination
chlorine gas is bubbled through to kill bacteria
57
what is a pH of 0 - 6
acid
58
what is a pH of 8 - 14
alkali
59
what colour are acids on the pH scale
red/orange
60
what colour are alkalis on the pH scale
blue/purple
61
what colour is the neutral pH of 7
green
62
what effects the pH of a substance
concentration of acid/alkali
63
what is oxidation
loss of electrons
64
what is reduction
gain of electrons
65
what is a displacement reaction
when a more reactive element pushes out a less reactive element from the compound
66
why do group 1 elements get more reactive as they so down the group
the electrons in the shells are attracted to the nucleus because of a negative to positive attraction this means the further away it is the weaker the bond is so if there are more shells between the outside electron and the nucleus it will be easier to take the electron/require less energy so more energy can be put into the reaction
67
why do group 7 elements get less reactive as they go down the group
the electrons in the shells are attracted to the nucleus because of a negative to positive attraction so if there are less shells obstructing the attraction between the needed electron and the nucleus there will be a stronger force pulling the needed electron in therefore less energy will be used in taking the electron and more energy can be put into the reaction
68
why are noble gases unreactive
they already have a full outside shell
69
what is the formula for gradient
change in y divided by change in x
70
what are the 6 fractions of crude oil
``` gases - used for domestic heating petrol - used for fuel in cars kerosene - used for fuel in aeroplanes diesel oil - used for fuel in trains fuel oil - used for fuel in ships bitumen - used to surface roads ```
71
what causes acid rain
when fossil fuels are burnt sulfur dioxide is released which them mixes with clouds to form sulfuiric acid which them falls as acid rain
72
what are the effects of acid rain
``` it can damage: wildlife lakes trees limestone buildings metal ```
73
how can hydrogen be used as a fuel
when combined with oxygen it produces energy with the only waste product being water
74
what are the downsides of using hydrogen as a fuel
you need an expensive engine | its hard to store
75
what are the 3 phases of the atmosphere
1 - volcanoes gave out steam and CO2 2 - Green plants evolved and produced oxygen 3 - ozone layer allows evolution of complex animals

Chemistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions