Chromatography, Simple Distillation and Fractional Distillation Flashcards
what is chromatography
the process of using a solvent to separate liquids in paper using the fact that more soluble liquids will move further up the paper.
what is the purpose of chromatography
to separate multiple liquids
what is simple distillation
the process of using heat to separate two liquids with separate boiling points
what is the purpose of simple distillation
to separate two liquids
what is fractional distillation
the process of using heat and fractionating column to separate multiple liquids with different boiling points
what is the purpose of fractional distillation
to separate multiple types of liquids
what is cracking
the process of using heat to brake down a hydrocarbon of long-chain length into a alkane and alkene(s)
what is the purpose of cracking
to brake down long-chained hydrocarbons into short-chained hydrocarbons, this is useful because the shorter-chained hydrocarbons are easier to ignite
what does soluble mean
if a substance is soluble then it will dissolve in a given amount of liquid called the solvent, different substances have different solubilities
what is a solvent
a liquid substance that other materials dissolve in to form a solution
what factor makes distillation work
varying boiling points
what factor makes chromatography work
varying solubilities
what are the 6 different fractions when distilling crude oil
From the top of the fractionating column to the bottom: gases petrol kerosene diesel oil fuel oil bitumen
what is one use for the gases fraction
domestic heating and cooking
what is one use for the petrol fraction
fuel for cars
