Chemistry mini quiz 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Water
H20(l)
Carbon dioxide
C02(g)
Oxygen gas
02(g)
Hydrogen gas
H2(g)
Any metal
Element symbol e.g. Magnessium metal = Mg(s)
Hydrochloric acid
HCI(aq)
Sulfuric acid
H2S04(aq)
Nitric acid
HNO3(aq)
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH (aq)
Exothermic reations
Releases energy into enviorment (heat) (combustion)
Endothermic reations
Absorbs energy from enviorment (cold packs)
Combustion
A chemical reation where oxygen burns a substance, with light and heat being produced
Corrosion
The process whoch metals combine with oxygen to produce metal oxides
Acids
Acids are substances which ionize (form ions) in water to produce hydrogen ions.
Strong acids - Acids the produce a lot of H+ ions e.g. HCI
Weak acids - Acid produced some but not a lot of H+ e.g. Ch3COOH
Bases
Bases are the opposite of acids, substances which produce OH- ions in water.
Strong bases - produce alot of OH- ions.
Weak bases - produce not many OH- ions
Alkaline solution
If a base can dissolve in water, It is known alkali or alkaline solution. A solution with lots of OH- ions
PH scale
The concentration of H+ ions is the PH scale
PH below 7 is acidic
PH greater than 7 is basic (alkali)
PH of 7 means solution is nuteral (25 degrees)
Higher number means more OH- ions, lower the number more H+ ions
Reactions with acids: Neutralisation reaction
When a acid reacts with a base to form a salt plus water
Acid+Base=salt+water
To calculate the salt: Anion of acid(ion written next to hydrogens) +Cation of base (ion written next to OH in base)
Acid is (aq), base is (aq)
Salt is (aq)
Reactions with acids:acids + metals
Acids react with reactive metals to produce a salt and hydrogen gas
Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen gas
To calculate the salt: Anion of acid +Cation of metal
Reactions with acids: acids and carbonates
When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate to produce a salt plus water plus carbon dioxide
Acid+Metal carbonate=salt+water+carbon dioxide
Salt: Anion of acid, cation of metal carbonate
