Chest

Question 1

3 Divisions of Pharynx

Answer 1

Naso, oro, and laryngopharynx

Question 2

A cone shaped structure that is a passage way for food and air….

Answer 2

Pharynx

Question 3

Organ of the voice vs. Glottis

Answer 3

Larynx, glottis is the actual voice box (vocal apparatus)

Question 4

How many cartilage rings does the trachea have?

Answer 4

16-20

Question 5

Hook like ring at the end of trachea before it bifurcates is called

Answer 5

Carina

Question 6

what does Trachea bifurcates into?

Answer 6

Right and left Primary Bronchi

Question 7

how long is the Pharynx? ( in cm and inch)

Answer 7

13cm, 5”

Question 8

The pharynx extends from ____ of _____ and basilar portion of _____ to lvl of __ or ___ cervical vertebra

Answer 8

body of sphenoid, occipital, 6th/7th

Question 9

what part of the nasopharynx prevents liquid and foods from entering nasal cavity?

Answer 9

Uvula

Question 10

Oropharynx extends from soft palate to the lvl of ____ bone

Answer 10

hyoid bone

Question 11

what two tonsils exists in the oropharynx?

Answer 11

Palatine tonsils and lingual

Question 12

This portion of the pharynx extends from the hyoid bone to the esophagus

Answer 12

laryngopharynx

Question 13

This organ of the voice is suspended by the hyoid bone and is about 3.8cm (1.5”) long

Answer 13

Larynx

Question 14

another name for Thyroid cartilage?

Answer 14

Adam’s apple

Question 15

Where does the larynx start? and where does it end?

Answer 15

C4 - C6

Question 16

what are all part of the larynx? 3 items

Answer 16

Thyroid cartilage, Glottis, and Epiglottis

Question 17

Nomenclature of Trachea
Where is the origin-ends?
How long is it?
how wide is it?

Answer 17

Starts at c6 and ends at T4-T5
It is about 11cm long or 4.5”
The width is about 1.3cm

Question 18

Is left primary bronchi wider than Right? Why?

Answer 18

No it is not, b/c it only has to supply air to 2 lobes of the left lung

Question 19

Primary bronchi turns into …. and what is the other name? how many on the right side and left?

Answer 19

Secondary Bronchi, lobar. 3 on the right and 2 on the left

Question 20

What does the lobar bronchi turn into? what is special about this bronchi?

Answer 20

Tertiary bronchi (segmental), it is the last division of the bronchi that contains cartilage

Question 21

This structure in the lungs are replaced by smooth muscle that regulates airway resistance

Answer 21

Bronchioles

Question 22

what communicates with alveolar ducts?

Answer 22

Terminal Bronchioles

Question 23

what is the functional unit of the lungs???

Answer 23

Alveoli

Question 24

Describe Mediastinum in relation to:

Lungs, Sternum, Thoracic spine

Answer 24

medially to lungs, posterior to sternum, anterior to spine

Question 25

what are the structures inside the Mediastinum?

Answer 25

Great vessels, Thymus gland, heart, esophagus, Lymphatic structures, trachea, nerves and fat

Question 26

what anatomical structure secretes Thymosin and is also in charge of controlling lymphatic system, play critical role in maturation of immune system THEN atrophies as human ages?

Answer 26

Thymus gland

Question 27

Narrow muscular tube that is about 23cm (9") long that

Answer 27

Esophagus

Question 28

what is the organ of respiration?

Answer 28

Lungs

Question 29

what elastic substance exists in the lungs?

Answer 29

parenchyma

Question 30

What are the 3 lung fields?

Answer 30

Apices, Hilum, and Costophrenic angles

Question 31

what are the 3 portions of the right lung? and how many on the left? what does the left lung has that the right doesn't ?

Answer 31

Superior, Middle, and inferior lobes | Left, has Superior and inferior lobes + Cardiac notch

Question 32

what fissures exists on the right and left lung?

Answer 32

Horizontal Fissure, interlobar oblique fissure ( on the Right side it is between middle and inferior AND on the left it is btwn Superior and inferior)

Question 33

what organ separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities?

Answer 33

Diaphragm

Question 34

Pleural Cavity is lined by serous membranes, what covers the lungs and what lines the cavity?

Answer 34

Visceral pleura cover the lungs and Parietal Pleura lines the walls of cavity

Question 35

what nerve controls contraction of the diaphragm?

Answer 35

Phrenic nerve

Question 36

what's the origin - insertion of the diaphragm?

Answer 36

Posterior of the xiphoid process and inserts at the 3rd lumbar vertebra

Question 37

what muscles intertwine btwn ribs (which elevate ribs and which lower ribs)? Which helps in inspiration and which helps with expiration?

Answer 37

Intercostal muscles, External helps with elevation of the ribs during inspiration and Internal helps with lowering the ribs during Expiration

Question 38

What group of conditions make up the COPD?

Answer 38

Asthma, Emphysema, and Bronchitis

Question 39

Describe anatomy demonstrated in PA Chest

Answer 39

Air Filled trachea, lungs, domes of diaphragm, heart and aortic arch

Question 40

Evaluation criteria of PA chest should include: Sternal ends are ____ distant from vertebral col Scapula should be____ Entire lung fields from _____ to _____ ____ and __ ribs are seen above diaphragm and _____ should be seen through the heart's shadow

Answer 40

equal distant, outside, apices to costophrenic angles, 10 ribs,

Question 41

Chest views are done upright when possible to avoid____ of vessels and check separation of these 2 things.

Answer 41

engorgements, air fluid lvls

Question 42

Lateral chest is normally done in left to demonstrate ____, the _____, and LEFT sided ______ lesions

Answer 42

heart, aorta, pulmonary

Question 43

when Right lat chest is done, it is trying to show RIGHT sided _____ lesions, ______ fissures, ______ lobes, and _____ pulmonary lesions

Answer 43

pulmonary, interlobar, differentiate, localized

Question 44

In lateral chest, what should be at the center of the radiograph?

Answer 44

Hilum

Question 45

When would you perform an inspiration/expiration PA chest?

Answer 45

When you want to demonstrate atelectasis and foreign body objects

Question 46

In lordotic position (AP axial projection), how high should the IR be from the shoulder?, CR is at the lvl of ____ of st____ BUT if pt cannot assume position, CR needs to be angled at __ - __ degrees _____ entering at ____

Answer 46

3", Mid of sternum, 15-20 cephalad, manubrium