Chest and lungs

Question 1

How many pairs of ribs are they? what do these articulate with posteriorly?

Answer 1

there are 12 pairs of ribs. these articulate posteriorly with the verterbral column.

Question 2

what do the uppermost ten pairs of ribs articulate with?

Answer 2

articulate posteriorly with the verterbral column and anteriorly with the sternum

Question 3

what are true ribs? which ribs are true ribs?

Answer 3

true ribs are directly attached to the sternum.

these are ribs 1-7

Question 4

what are false ribs? which ribs are false ribs?

Answer 4

these ribs do not directly attach to the sternum.

these are ribs 8- 12

Question 5

which ribs are floating ribs?

Answer 5

ribs 11 and 12

Question 6

where is the sternal angle?

Answer 6

is with the first 4 vetebrae.

Question 7

What are the three parts of the sternum?

Answer 7

the Manubrium

the Body

the xiphoid process

Question 8

what is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 8

it’s between the sternum and clavicle

Question 9

what is the clavicle?

Answer 9

the collarbone

Question 10

what is the scapula?

Answer 10

the shoulder blade

Question 11

what is the pectoral girdle?

Answer 11

the scapula and the clavicle

Question 12

what is the suprsternal notch?

Answer 12

also known as the jugular notch, it is the large visible dip between the nech and the collarbone

Question 13

what is the clavicular notch?

Answer 13

it is a notch on either side of the upper manubrium, this is the site of articulation between the manubrium and clavicle

Question 14

what parts of the rib are there?

Answer 14

The head

The neck

the tuberoscity

Question 15

how can you identify the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 15

they face downwards and forwards

Question 16

how can you identify the internal intercostal muscles?

Answer 16

they face upwards and backwards at 90 degrees.

Question 17

what vein, artery and nerve supply the intercostals?

Answer 17

the intercostal vein , the intercostal artery and the intercostal nerve.

Question 18

what does the phrenic nerve supply?

Answer 18

supplies the diaphragm

Question 19

what does the vagus nerve supply?

Answer 19

the thoracic viscera.

Question 20

describe the right lung

Answer 20

3 lobes, two fissures, larger than the left lung.

Question 21

describe the left lung

Answer 21

2 lobes, one fissure, smaller than the right lung. cardiac notch can be seen

Question 22

what is the pericardium of the heart attached to?

Answer 22

the heart and also to the diapragm

Question 23

what comes off of the arch of the aorta?

Answer 23

the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid and the left subclavian.

Question 24

what is the brachicephalic trunk?

Answer 24

the artery of the mediastinum, it supplies the right arm, head and neck.

Question 25

what comes of the brachicephalic trunk?

Answer 25

the right subclavian and right common corotid arteries

Question 26

what do the common carotid arteries supply?

Answer 26

the head and neck

Question 27

what do the subclavian arteries supply and what do these come off?

Answer 27

the right subclavian comes off the brachicephalic trunk and supplies the blood to the right arm with some branches going to the head and neck the left subclavian comes of the aortta and supplies blood to the left arm

Question 28

what's the role of the superior vena cava?

Answer 28

carries unoxygenated blood to the heart

Question 29

what does the phrenic nerve come from and where does it go to?

Answer 29

goes from the neck, past the heart down to the diaphragm.

Question 30

what does the vagus nerve do?

Answer 30

supplies many organs goes down by the diaphragm

Question 31

what is the hilus of the lung?

Answer 31

it's where the bronchus, the pulmanory artery and the pulmanory vein enter the lungs

Question 32

what is the role of the pulmanory artery?

Answer 32

it brings unoxygenated blood from the right ventricle into the lung

Question 33

what is the role of the pulmanory vein?

Answer 33

it bring oxygenated blood from te lungs to the left atrium

Question 34

on which lung(S) is a superior lobe seen?

Answer 34

on both the right and left lungs

Question 35

on what lungs is there a middle lobe?

Answer 35

only on the right lung.

Question 36

on what lung(s) is there and inferior lobe?

Answer 36

on both the right and left lung

Question 37

what is the lingula? where is it located?

Answer 37

it is the "little tongue" it is located on the left lung

Question 38

what's the function of the main bronchi?

Answer 38

to bring air into the lungs

Question 39

where does the trachae split into the right and left bronchi?

Answer 39

at T4

Question 40

what is the role of the bronchial arteries?

Answer 40

to supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. usually one to the left and one to the right lung.

Question 41

what does the superior mediastinum contain?(8)

Answer 41

acending aorta arch of the aorta brachicephalic trunk right and left common carotid arteries right and left subclavian arteries internal jugular vein subclavian vein brachicephalic vein.

Question 42

what does the posterior mediastinum contain? (8)

Answer 42

the decending aorta ribs and thoracic vertebra central tendon of the diaphragm pulmanory artery pulmanory vein bronchus vagus nerve phrenic nerve

Question 43

Which lung is this? at what throcacic level does this horizontal fissure usually lie?

Answer 43

the right lung this is at the level of the 4th rib

Question 44

which part of the vertabra is this?

Answer 44

it's the transverse process

Question 45

what is this? name the three parts of this structure what is this joint? what lies at the level of this joint?

Answer 45

the sternum the menubrium, the body and the xiphoid process. the sternal angle the level at which the trachea splits into the right and left bronchi.

Question 46

In this picture of the heart and lungs viewed from behind (posterior view) what stucture causes the impression on the left lung indicated by the arrow?

Answer 46

the descending aorta

Question 47

In this view of the hilum of the right lung, what is the structure indicated?

Answer 47

pulmanory vein

Question 48

Which fissure is this?

Answer 48

oblique fissure of the left lung

Question 49

In this oblique view of the left chest with the left lung removed, what is the structure indicated?

Answer 49

the phrenic nerve

Question 50

what is it being pointed to in the image?

Answer 50

is one of the internal intercostal muscles

Question 51

what structure is this and what is it innervated by?

Answer 51

this is the diaphragm, it is innervated by the phrenic

Question 52

what is this structure? At what point in the body does this bifurcation normally occur?

Answer 52

it is the trachea bifurcation usually occurs at the level of the 4th thoracic vertebra