Chest, Shoulder, Pectoral Region Flashcards by olivia vetter

Large, fan-shaped muscle covering most of the anterior thoracic wall

Pectoralis Major

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Muscle that is useful as a landmark for axillary artery, inserts on coracoid process

Pectoralis Minor

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Saw-toothed muscle that helps stabilize the scapula - boxer’s muscle -attaches to medial border of scapula on anterior surface, keeps scapula from ‘floating off ribcage’ - protracts (pulls forward) and rotates scapula

Serratus anterior

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What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

S i t S -Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - Subscapularis

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What innervates the deltoid?

Axillary nerve

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What innervates the infraspinatus muscle?

Suprascapular nerve

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What innervates the Pectoralis minor muscle?

Medial pectoral nerve

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What innervates the Serratus anterior?

Long thoracic nerve

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What innervates the subscapularis muscle?

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

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What innervates the supraspinatus muscle?

Suprascapular nerve

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What innervates the Teres minor muscle?

Axillary nerve

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What is the function of the deltoid?

After the suprapsinatus muscle initiates abduction of the humerus the 1st 10-15 degrees, the deltoid abducts it to 90 degrees, even to the acromion and clavicle. The trapezius then completes abduction to 180 degrees

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What is the most frequently torn rotator cuff muscle? what is it’s function

Supraspinatus muscle - initiates abduction of the humerus (first 10-15 degrees)

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What muscles insert into the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Supraspinatus infraspinatus Teres minor

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What nerves innervate the Pectoralis major?

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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Which muscle inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

Subscapularis muscle

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Which rotator cuff muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the humerus?

Subscapularis

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Which rotator cuff muscles are responsible for lateral rotation of the humerus when they contract?

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, Teres minor

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What are the 3 kinds of fascia?

pectoral axillary clavipectoral

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What does pectoral fascia cover?

Pectoralis major muscle

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What does axillary fascia cover?

continuation of the pectoral fascia, laterally (armpit area protects arteries, veins, nerves etc passing into upper extremities)

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What does clavipectoral fascia cover?

deep to Pectoralis major, encloses subclavius muscle and Pectoralis minor

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At what dermatomes are the clavicles located?

Border of C4-C5

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At what dermatomes is the level of nipples?

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At what dermatomes is the level of umbilicus (navel)?

T10

Compare the 2 ends of the clavicle bone.

Sternal end: small, relatively round Acromial end: much larger, flatter

Supraglenoid tubercle

Greater tubercle (of humerus)

Lesser tubercle (of humerus)

Acromion

Coracoid Process

Superior Angle of Scapula

Medial border of scapula

Subscapular fossa

Inferior Angle of Scapula

Glenoid Cavity of Scapula

Superior border of scapula

Supraspinous fossa

Infranspinous fossa

Coracoid Process

Infraglenoid tubercle

Coracoid Process

Cephalic vein

Pectoralis major muscle (cut)

Pectoralis major muscle and pectoral fascia

Axillary fascia

What is the blue arrow pointing to?

Scapula

What are the blue and red areas, and the other arrow?

Blue: trapezoid Red: Trapezius Arrow: Infraspinatous fossa Note: Deltoid has same origin as trapezius, just the bottom border of the acromion, clavice (distal 1/3)

Coracoid Process

Subscapularis tendon

Supraspinatous tendon

Infraspinatous tendon

Teres minor tendon

Acromion

Infraspinatous muscle

Supraspinatous muscle

Subscalpularis muscle

Superior border of scapula

Clavicle

1 - Supraspinatous muscle 2 - Infraspinatus muscle 3 - Teres minor muscle 4 - Subscalpularis muscle

What are the 4 muscles of the posterior shoulder?

1. Teres major 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Levator scapulae 4. Rhomboids

What is the function of the Teres major muscle, where is it located?

Posterior shoulder - adducts and medially rotates arm

What is the function of the Latissimus dorsi, where is it located?

"Lady btw 2 majors" (Pectoralis major in the front, Teres major in the back) - extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulder - powerful bc it has a small origin but lots of muscle fibers extending from it

What is the function of the levator scapulae, where is it located?

Side of the neck, shoulder - elevates scapula medially, inferiorly rotates glenoid cavity

What is the function of the rhomboids, where are they located?

Connect to the medial border of the scapula - fix scapula to the thoracic wall - retract and rotate scapula to depress glenoid vacity (drop the shoulder)

What innervates the Teres major muscle?

lower subscapular nerve

What innervates the Latissimus dorsi?

Thoracodorsal nerve

What innervates the levator scapulae?

Dorsal scapular nerve

What innervates the rhomboids?

Dorsal scapular nerve

Which muscle localizes the 3 branches of the axillary artery?

Pectoralis minor muscle

Subclavian artery becomes the ___ artery which becomes the ____ artery

Axillary Brachial

Where does the axillary artery begin?

At the lateral border of the 1st rib (is a direct continuation of the subclavian artery)

Where is the 1st part of the axillary artery?

MEDIAL (proximal) to the Pectoralis minor muscle

Where is the 2nd part of the Axillary artery located?

UNDER the Pectoralis minor muscle

Where is the 3rd part of the Axillary artery located?

LATERAL (distal) to the Pectoralis minor muscle

Where does the Axillary artery end?

at the lower border of the Teres major muscle, where it becomes the brachial artery

What are the major constituents of each part of the Axillary artery? (pneumonic)

**S**crew **T**he **L**awyer, **S**ave **A** **P**atient 1st part: **S**uperior thoracic artery 2nd part: **T**horacoacromial trunk, **L**ateral thoracic artery 3rd part: **S**uscapular artery, **A**nterior circumflex humeral, **P**osterior circumflex humeral artery

1. Thyrocervical Trunk 2. Subclavian Artery 3. Superior Thoracic Artery 4. Thoracoacromial Trunk 5. Lateral Thoracic Artery 6. Brachial Artery 7. Supscalpular Artery 8. Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery 9. Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

What is the difference btw the Thyrocervical trunk and the Thoracoacromial trunk?

Thyrocervical: branches off the subclavian artery (is located up higher) - contains the transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries Thoracoacromial: branches off the axillary artery - clavicular, acromial, deltoid, pectoral branches (located lower down)

what nerve sits on top of the anterior scalene muscle?

phrenic nerve

Chest, Shoulder, Pectoral Region Flashcards

(81 cards)