Child Language Acquisition

Question 1

Phonetics

Answer 1

individual speech sounds (IPA)

Question 2

Phonology

Answer 2

sounds systems & patterns of sounds of a language

Question 3

Phoneme

Answer 3

distinct unit of sound

Question 4

IPA

Answer 4

international phonetic alphabet / / symbols

Question 5

Prosodic Features (PIVOTS)

Answer 5

Pitch
Intonation
Volume
Tempo
Stress

Question 6

Place of articulation (phonology)

Answer 6

• articulators in our mouth (lips, tongue, teeth)

Question 7

Connected Speech Processes

Answer 7

elision
assimilation
insertion
vowel reduction

Question 8

Learning

Answer 8

intentional process
presupposes teaching
teacher controls pace

Question 9

Aquisition

Answer 9

subconscious, natural process, learner controlled, does not presuppose teaching

Question 10

CLA

Answer 10

• follows a predictable sequence
• age varies

Question 11

Pre-verbal age gap

Answer 11

0-3 months

Question 12

Pre-verbal Signs

Answer 12

• responses differ from primary caregiver to others
• engage in turn taking skills
• means of communication: crying, for different needs
• vowel sounds

Question 13

Babbling age gap

Answer 13

3 - 12 months

Question 14

Babbling signs

Answer 14

• produce range of speech signs (mostly vowels) deliberately
• recognise un/familiar sounds and smile

Question 15

Babbling (4-6months)

Answer 15

• respond to change in tone/no
• vocal play - sounds like talking
• reduplication
• stops & nasal sounds

Question 16

Babbling (7-12 months)

Answer 16

• connection: meaning & words emerging
• recognition of objects
  -respond to direction

Question 17

Holophrastic/One word age gap

Answer 17

12 - 18 months

Question 18

One word stage features

Answer 18

• discover connections between word & meaning
• one word take place of whole sentence
• choose nouns & verbs that give most info
• learn names of familiar objects/people
• aware of social value of speech

Question 19

Two words stage age gap

Answer 19

1-2 years

Question 20

Two-word stage features

Answer 20

• form two-word utterance
• understand word order
• talk in 3rd person often
• no inflectional morphology, articles & preposition

Question 21

Two-word stage vocabulary

Answer 21

50-200 words

Question 22

Multi-word/telegraphic stage age gap

Answer 22

2-3 years

Question 23

Multi-word stage features

Answer 23

• usually missing function words
• question words
• some inflectional morphology
• family members usually understand
• understand commands

Question 24

Multi-word stage vocabulary

Answer 24

200-1000 words

Question 25

Later multi-word stage age gap

Answer 25

3-4 years

Question 26

Later multi-word stage features

Answer 26

- longer sentences - usually fluent/reasonably clear - talk about things not in immediate environment - use lg creatively - some plural/past tense - pronouns used correctly

Question 27

Later multi-word stage vocabulary

Answer 27

900-1000+

Question 28

Phonetics & Phonology CLA

Answer 28

- vowels first - CVCV structure - prosody acquired as language develops - parentese (train: choo-choo) - modify/substitute sounds to what they have already aquired - blend reduction - insertion - deletion: unstressed sounds - reduplication - assimilation (voiced/voiceless)

Question 29

Morphology & Lexicology CLA

Answer 29

- rule learning - errors: acquire rules first then overgeneralize - limited vocabulary -> play with dev. morphology (i broomed it up) - creative process - the wug test: plural formation - order of grammatical morphology

Question 30

Order of grammatical morphology

Answer 30

1. 'ing' present progressive 2. 'in, on' prepositions 3. 's' plural inflection 4. 'went' irregular past tense 5. '-'s' possessive 6. copular 'to be' 7. articles 8. regular past tense '-ed' 9. regular present tense 10. irregular present tense

Question 31

Syntax CLA

Answer 31

- acquire sense of words order in two+ word stage - complex structures begin just after two-word stage - negation -questions

Question 32

Syntax CLA - negation

Answer 32

1. negative (no/not) + rest of sentence 2. NP + -ve + VP - learn don't/can't as alternatives 3. NP + aux + -ve + rest of sentence - recognition of aux + -ve

Question 33

Syntax CLA - questions

Answer 33

- rising intonation (phonology) - Wh - questions formed without auxiliary unless contracted - inversion of s + auxiliary: unnatural feature of English

Question 34

Overgeneralization

Answer 34

children use a lexeme to refer to anything that shares similar characteristics

Question 35

Undergeneralization

Answer 35

children use lexemes too specifically

Question 36

Semantics CLA

Answer 36

- overgeneralization - undergeneralization - understanding of semantic field by school -> helps with acquisition - synonym & antonymy common features (Stores)

Question 37

Critical period

Answer 37

0-12/puberty