Childhood

Question 1

How is childhood socially constructed-Wagg

Answer 1

Argues there is no one universal experience of childhood childhood, a socially constructed created an defined by society

Question 2

Evidence that childhood is a social construct- putch

Answer 2

Found children in Bolivia expected to take and work responsibilities in the home from the age of five

Question 3

Evidence that childhood is a social
Construct- malinowski

Answer 3

Found that they were tolerant of the children sexuality into any news. Interest in children exploring their sexuality

Question 4

Ariès’s concept on childhood

Answer 4

Before 1600 Children were seen as mini adults. Took part in adult activities and roles

Question 5

Shorters concept on childhood

Answer 5

From the 17th century childhood adults started to create a closer bond and more attention was being paid on raising children as less babies was dying as infants

Question 6

Criticisms of ariès study on childhood-pollack

Answer 6

Sources used was highly limited and selective paintings was likely to be commissioned by the rich and may not be truthful

Question 7

Criticism of ariès study on childhood-Wilson

Answer 7

Lacking awareness of children’s needs

Question 8

Children as an economic asset

Answer 8

Working class children working in mines factory and mills which brought income into the household

Question 9

Children today are an economic burden

Answer 9

Children depend financially on their parents

Question 10

Why did childhood emerge in the uk

Answer 10

-introduction to new laws
-products and services are different between children and adult
-life style and activities are different
-children are seen as Innocent and vulnerable

Question 11

Pitcher ‘golden age of childhood’

Answer 11

Age of happiness and innocence children’s life is spent doing leisure activities and separate from the world of work

Question 12

Is western notion of childhood becoming globalised

Answer 12

Include seeing childhood as a separate life stage in which children are seen as innocent and vulnerable
Evaluation: ignoring other cultures traditions

Question 13

Childhood contemporary example: Sociological research leading policy changes

Answer 13

The uk good child report 2018

Question 14

More recent changes in childhood

Answer 14

-new laws and policies (2004 restrictions on alcohol/2017 every child must stay In education)
-children’s rights
-decline in family size (11.1 live births per 1,000)
-growing interest in child development and health

Question 15

How is childhood becoming more
Protected?

Answer 15

-children’s social work act (2017)
-working together to safeguard children (2018)
-internet safety strategies (2018)

Question 16

Inequality between children- ethnicity, Brennan

Answer 16

Asian parents, so much Tracey towards their daughters than other ethnic groups

Question 17

Inequality Between children, class, Howard

Answer 17

Children from lower income families are much more likely to die in infancy, perform poorly and education be placed on the child protection
register

Question 18

Inequality between children, gender, hillman

Answer 18

Boys are less protective and less heavily supervised than girls

Question 19

Giddens study on inequality between adults and children

Answer 19

There is an ‘age patriarchy’ the way adults dominate oppress and control children

Question 20

Ways in which children are controlled and opressed

Answer 20

-neglect and abuse in the home (52,500 children was in child protective registers in 2019)
-control over children’s space
-control over children’s time
-access to resources
-technology exploitation

Question 21

Donzelot conflict view

Answer 21

State servelliance led to focus on parental behaviour towards children. Keeping a closer eye on the safety on children meaning parents have to regulate their discipline

Question 22

Palmer ‘toxic childhood’

Answer 22

Technology is damaging children’s pies development.
Parents using technology as a replacement,
Lack of discipline and lack of nurturing family

Question 23

Is childhood disappearing (postman)

Answer 23

The lines between childhood and adulthood are blurred ‘social blurring’ childhood is disappearing at a dazzling speed

Question 24

Postmodern view on childhood

Answer 24

Jenkins- parents relationship with children gives parents a sense of identity
Mason and tipper-children have power to shape their life experiences
Marrow- children are involved in discussions and decisions