Childhood infections Flashcards Preview

Paediatrics > Childhood infections > Flashcards

Flashcards in Childhood infections Deck (15)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is scarlet fever?

A

A reaction to erythrogenic toxins produced by group A Strep (usually strep pyogenes)

2
Q

What virus causes slapped cheek disease?

A

Parovirus B19

3
Q

How is scarlet fever spread?

A

Droplet spread via respiratory route.

4
Q

How does scarlet fever present?

A

Fever
Malaise
Strawberry tongue
fine punctate erythematous rash on the torso with a sandpaper texture.

5
Q

What is the treatment for scarlet fever?

A

Oral penicillin V for 10 days

Azithromycin if penicllin allergic

6
Q

When can children return to school if they have scarlet fever?

A

24 hours after commencing antibiotics

7
Q

List three potential complications of scarlet fever?

A

Ottitis media
Rheumatic fever
Acute glomerulonephritis

8
Q

What are the features of measles?

A

Prodrome of irratibility, conjuntivitis and fever
Discrete maculopapular rash becoming blotchy and confluent
Koplik spots (before rash) and white spots on buccal mucosa

9
Q

What investigations can you do if you suspect measles?

A

IgM antibodies can be detected within a few days of rash onset

10
Q

If you see a child that has not had their MMR and they have been in contact with measles what should you do?

A

MMR given within 72 hours.

11
Q

What is the treatment for threadworm infection?

A

Single dose of mebendazole for the whol family

12
Q

A 4-year-old boy is brought in by his mother. He was mildly unwell yesterday with a fever, lethargy and sore throat. Today, his mum is alarmed as she has noticed ‘blisters’ in and around his mouth and he is reluctant to eat or drink. On examination the child looks miserable, but not unwell, his temperature is 38.2ºC and he has a mix of shallow ulcers and erythematous papules scattered over his hard palate, tongue and lips. Examining further you also notice that there are a few erythematous maculopapular lesions along the sides of his fingers, around his right heel and over his buttocks. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Hand foot and mouth disease

13
Q

What virus causes hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackie A16 and enterovirus 71

14
Q

What are the clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Mild systemic upset with a sore throat and fever
Oral ulcers
vesicles on the palms and soles of feet

15
Q

Do children need to be kept of school if they have hand foot and mouth disease?

A

No. Only if they feel unwell