Children's health Flashcards
When a 4-year old child refuses to take a medication in pill form because it is “too big and it hurts when I swallow,” the nurse demonstrates critical thinking by:
a) Allowing the child to skip a dose this one time and documenting the reason why
b) Asking the nurse-manager what to do
c) Asking the mother how she gets him to cooperate
d) Checking with the pharmacy to see if the medication can be dispensed in liquid form
d) Checking with the pharmacy to see if the medication can be dispensed in liquid form
What statement by a nurse to a new nurse, orienting to the unit, is correct regarding seizure precautions?
a) Administering an anticonvulsant drug is not beneficial.
b) Do not force a tongue depressor between the teeth.
c) Any seizure can lead to status epilepticus.
d) Apply oxygen if the client turns cyanotic.
b) Do not force a tongue depressor between the teeth.
Parents of a 2½-year-old child report that the child has began to have temper tantrums, and ask the nurse what they should do. Strategies that the nurse could suggest include:
a) Throwing cold water on the child during the tantrum to help the child “snap out of it”
b) Giving the child what is wanted to avoid the tantrums
c) Attempting to reason with the child during the tantrum
d) Determining the child’s safety and then leaving the room when the child has a tantrum
d) Determining the child’s safety and then leaving the room when the child has a tantrum
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a 9-year-old female client who is diabetic. Which actions would be appropriate?
a) Using hypothetical problem situations to teach potential problem solving
b) Teaching size of food portions and importance of timing snacks and meals
c) Using hand puppets to teach proper nutrition
d) Discussing future hazards of pregnancy for diabetic mothers
b) Teaching size of food portions and importance of timing snacks and meals
The nurse discusses the eating habits of school-aged children with their parents, explaining that these habits are most influenced by which of the following?
a) Examples provided by parents at mealtimes
b) Smell and appearance of foods offered.
c) Parental encouragement to eat nutritious foods.
d) Food preferences of their peers.
a) Examples provided by parents at mealtimes
A mother calls the clinic to talk to the nurse. The mother states that a physician described her daughter as having 20/60 vision and asks the nurse what this means. The nurse responds based on the interpretation that the child is experiencing which of the following?
a) Ability to see at 20 feet what she should see at 60 feet.
b) Visual acuity three times better than average.
c) A loss of approximately one third of her visual acuity
d) Ability to see at 60 feet what she should see at 20 feet.
a) Ability to see at 20 feet what she should see at 60 feet.
A family with five children experiences a stillbirth. While intervening with the family, one member expresses a view that causes special concern for the nurse. This person is:
a) A 13-year-old who assumes blame as punishment for shoplifting
b) A 5-year-old who cries, believing the death occurred because the child drew with magic markers on one of the baby blankets
c) A 15-year-old who says, “I still can’t believe it is true.”
d) A 3-year-old who wonders if the baby will come home after it gets better
a) A 13-year-old who assumes blame as punishment for shoplifting
A mother is frustrated because her 2½-year-old is not toilet trained and will not use the potty when placed on it. What suggestion by the nurse is most appropriate?
a) Make up a game to encourage the child to want to use the potty.
b) Do not try to toilet-train the child, as it is too early.
c) Do not let the child off the potty until stool or urine is evacuated.
d) Give the child a laxative and place on the potty in 30 minutes.
a) Make up a game to encourage the child to want to use the potty.
A Parent asks, “Can I get head lice too?” The nurse indicates that adults can also be infested with head lice but that pediculosis is more common among school children, primarily for which of the following reasons?
a) The skin of adults is more capable of resisting the invasion of lice.
b) School-aged children tend to me more neglectful of frequent handwashing
c) An immunity to pediculosis usually is established by adulthood
d) Pediculosis usually is spread by close contact with infested children
d) Pediculosis usually is spread by close contact with infested children
A 6-month-old infant is brought to the clinic by an aunt who says the infant’s parents are out of the country on business.
The nurse notes that the infant seems healthy but withdrawn, and is below the fifth percentile for weight and height on the standard growth chart.
The aunt states the infant has had a succession of undependable baby-sitters since she was born, and that the parents work extremely long hours.
Based on the assessment data, the nurse forms a preliminary diagnosis of:
a) Failure to thrive related to inorganic causes
b) Weight loss related to infant colic
c) Child abuse: shaken-baby syndrome
d) Failure to thrive related to organic causes
a) Failure to thrive related to inorganic causes
Which technique is best for assessing the respirations of a 3-year-old?
a) Tell the child you will check his breathing.
b) Place one hand against the chest when counting.
c) Use a stethoscope and auscultate the lungs.
d) Observe the rise and fall of the abdomen.
d) Observe the rise and fall of the abdomen.
What is the preferred site for measuring body temperature in very young children?
a) Rectal
b) Temporal
c) Oral
d) Axillary
d) Axillary
A nurse feels vulnerable after a child dies following a lengthy resuscitation effort. A positive coping strategy for the nurse is to:
a) Take a sedative when getting home
b) Meet with others who participated in the resuscitation to grieve together
c) Review the resuscitation until mistakes are found to explain the child’s death
d) Accept it as part of a day’s work with vulnerable children
b) Meet with others who participated in the resuscitation to grieve together
After teaching a group of mothers about temper tantrums, the nurse knows the teaching has been effective when one of the mothers states which of the following?
a) “I’ll talk to my daughter during the tantrum.”
b) “I should put my child in time out.”
c) “I will ignore the temper tantrum.”
d) “I should pick up the child during the tantrum.”
c) “I will ignore the temper tantrum.”
Which client is most at risk for developing an upper respiratory infection?
a) A 12-year-old with a family history of asthma
b) A 3-year-old in preschool
c) A 10-year-old with a broken leg
d) An 18-year-old smoker
b) A 3-year-old in preschool
Using Snellen’s E chart, the nurse assesses the visual acuity of a 5-year-old as approximately 20/60. The nurse determines that the findings at this age indicate:
a) Hyperopic vision
b) Emmetropic vision
c) Normal vision
d) Myopic vision
d) Myopic vision
The paediatric nurse practitioner is working with a group developing school playgrounds. The playground designers must identify the major causes of potential injury for the school-aged child. The nurse explains that the most frequent accidents in school-age children involve:
a) Aspiration of food, plastic bags, and stairways.
b) Bicycles, skateboards, and in-line skates.
c) Motor vehicles, diving, and drugs and alcohol.
d) Swing sets, drowning, and poisonings.
b) Bicycles, skateboards, and in-line skates.
A mother expresses concern to the nurse regarding her 5-year-old child’s development. She says: “I read Erikson and Piaget, and my child does not seem to be on target. Also, my neighbour’s child seems more advanced. My doctor says not to worry, but I do.” The best nursing response is:
a) “Tell me exactly what your child is or is not doing that causes you concern.”
b) “Your child will probably catch up with more age.”
c) “I wouldn’t worry. All children progress at their own rate.”
d) “You are right to be concerned. Your child should meet all the guidelines for the age.”
a) “Tell me exactly what your child is or is not doing that causes you concern.”
A mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse in the paediatric clinic what types of foods she should prepare for the child. After family teaching, the nurse asks the mother to choose the most appropriate menu for a nutritious dinner. The nurse has successfully taught the mother when the mother chooses:
a) 2-percent milk, chicken, mashed potatoes, carrots, apple slices.
b) Fruit punch, one-half of a peanut butter sandwich, celery sticks, ice cream.
c) Skim milk, beef, fried potatoes, peas, pudding.
d) Whole milk, taco, rice, orange slices.
a) 2-percent milk, chicken, mashed potatoes, carrots, apple slices.
A mother of a 4-year-old tells the nurse that her son is a “picky eater.” The nurse should inform the mother that she should:
a) Administer vitamins twice a day to her child.
b) Be more concerned with the quantity of food than the quality of food.
c) Increase the amount of carbohydrates in the daily menu plan.
d) Recognize this is common for pre schoolers as their caloric requirements have decreased slightly.
d) Recognize this is common for pre schoolers as their caloric requirements have decreased slightly.
Whenever the parents of a 10-month-old leave their hospitalized child for short periods, he begins to cry and scream. The nurse explains that this behaviour demonstrates that the child
a) Needs to remain with his parents all the time
b) Is experiencing discomfort
c) Is quite spoiled
d) Is experiencing separation anxiety
d) Is experiencing separation anxiety
The mother of a 12-month-old infant who is hospitalized is upset that she must leave her baby to go home for a short time. What should the nurse suggest to this concerned parent?
a) Call a family relative to stay at all times with the child when the mother leaves.
b) Return as soon as possible to attend to her daughter’s needs.
c) Leave a personal article with the child and reassure her that she will return.
d) Ask a nurse to sit at the child’s bedside in her absence.
c) Leave a personal article with the child and reassure her that she will return.
The charge nurse is developing plans to reduce the stress of hospitalized, chronically ill children. Coping for these children will be improved if:
a) They are assigned a primary nurse.
b) They avoid making all decisions while hospitalized.
c) All tutoring is postponed until discharge.
d) They are allowed 24-hour open visitation with their peers.
a) They are assigned a primary nurse.
A recently-hospitalized 2-year-old client screams and shouts that he wants a “bottle”. His parents are puzzled and state that he has drank from a cup for the past year. The nurse understands that
a) Temper tantrums often represent the child’s need for parental attention
b) Various forms of punishment are necessary when such behaviours occur
c) Irritability is exhibited in all age groups
d) Regression to an earlier behaviour often helps the child cope with stress or anxiety.
d) Regression to an earlier behaviour often helps the child cope with stress or anxiety.
The nurse conducts a new parent support group for her community. Two mothers ask how their 8-month-old children can be so different in height and weight. What is the appropriate response?
a) The sequence of growth and development is unpredictable for each child.
b) This is an abnormality that should be referred to the physician.
c) One of the children is displaying a “growth spurt.”
d) Rates of growth vary and individual differences occur for each child.
d) Rates of growth vary and individual differences occur for each child.
The 9-year old child is at the 98th percentile for weight and at the 40th percentile for height. The school nurse will interpret that this child is:
a) Overweight or large in stature.
b) Normal for size
c) Underweight or small in stature
d) Experiencing a prepubescent growth spurt
a) Overweight or large in stature.
