Chinese Civil War

Question 1

Causes of War - Events

Answer 1

1839-42, 56-60 - Opium Wars
1900 - Boxer Rebellion
1911 - Double 10th
1912 - Rep under Sun
1914 - Yuan Shikai
1915 - 21 Demands
1916-28 - Warlord Era
1919 - 4th of May movement
1921 - CCP est
1924 - 1st United Front
1926 - North expedition
1927 - Shanghai Massacre

Question 2

Causes of War - Significance

Answer 2

• Population grew 8% after 1850, land cultivated only grew 1%
• 80% lived in abject poverty and some paid 80% of harvests in taxes
• Shanghai resulted in 5-10k CCP deaths, by the end of 27 37k CCP had died
• By 1930 bases had 65k covering 26 000km^2

Question 3

Practices of War - Events

Answer 3

1930-1934 - 5 encirclement campaigns
1932 - Manchukuo
1934-35 - Oct - Long March
1936 - Second United Front
1937-45 - Second Sino-Japanese War
1945-6 - Negotiations
1947 - Large scale attacks on CCP
1948 - CCP victories
1949 - PRC declared

Question 4

Practices of War - Significance

Answer 4

• CCP won encirclements 1-4, lost 5 as JIang had 1m and blockhouses
• Long March had 86-6k, 35women
• “Our policy is to keep the enemy on the run … then look for an opportunity to destroy him.”
• “Huge losses were due to Mao jockeying for power”-C+H
• “Communism is a disease of the heart, Japanese a disease of the skin”
• Huhei stretched 4 provinces 65 days, 65k GMD deaths, CCP was on top with 1.6m:1.5m
• “It has proclaimed to the world that the red amy is an army of heroes.”-Breslin
• CCP had 300k in Manchuria leading to victory in ‘45

Question 5

Effects of War - Events

Answer 5

1950 - Tibet
1950-53 - Korea
1951 - Three Antis
1952 - Five Antis
1956 - Hundred Flowers
1958 - GL
1958-59 - Famine

Question 6

Effects of War - Significance

Answer 6

• Over 44m dead, GMD flees to Taiwan
• over 50m dead in famine
• 2-3m commit suicide due to struggle sessions, 2m died in speak bitterness
• 60k resistance in Tibet