Nicholas II and the 1905 Revolution

Question 1

Timeline

Answer 1

1904 - Russo Japanese War
1905 - Jan 9 - Bloody Sunday, Tsushima
- June - Potemkin
- Oct - St. Petersburg Soviet, Oct Man
1906 - Agri-reform
1907 - Triple Entente
1913 - Romanovs 300th
1914 - Mobilzes to support Serbia
1915 - Takes control of the army
1917 - Revolutions, Mar-Abdicates
1918 - July - Tsar family murdered

Question 2

Early rule

Answer 2

• Came to power 1894, not prepared
• Committed to Tsarist conservatism
• Faced a backwards economy, national poverty and disdain of the peasant classes
• Aims to modernize without social and economic reform

Question 3

Strengths and Weaknesses

Answer 3

Strengths:
- Peasants loved the Tsar, uptake in support due to the 300th
- The Church supports the government
-government and army governed by nobles who support the Tsar
- Secret police
Weaknesses:
- Lost R-J
- Polyglot empire (over 100 languages)
- Vast population (125m)
- Antiquated farming
- Opposition of Social Revolutionaries and communists

Question 4

Policies

Answer 4

• Minister of Finance Minister Witte, plans to improve economy, 4-fold plan:
• tariffs, attraction of capital, Gold standard, resources from peasants(requisitioning)
• Creates Trans-Siberian railway
• No political reforms
• gives 5m acres to peasants
• Peasants: 50% landowners, 50% in poverty, 79% illiterate

Question 5

1905 Revolution practices

Answer 5

• 1902 economic slump and bad harvest leads to riots
• R-J created economic misery
• Revolution consists mostly of strikes and mutinies
• Nick 2 concedes with the Oct Man, including redemption dues
• Crushed soviets, establishing control over the countryside

Question 6

1905 effects

Answer 6

• Russia has 30% production from industry compared to GB and Ge (75 and 70%)
• Under the 1st Duma there were 200 mutinies
• 2nd Duma refuses to pass agri reform laws
• 3rd Duma, Agri and education supported but not judiciary reform
• Stolypin assassinated 1911, ends reforms, returns to reaction
• 4th Duma, political divides make it ineffective, instead of disbanding it become the prov gov.

Question 7

PSQs

Answer 7

-“I know nothing of the business of ruling”
- “not fit to run a post office”-Trotsky
- “our endurance is at an end. We have come to that terrible moment when it is better to die than to continue terrible suffering.”-Father Gapon
- “wager on the strong and sober”-Stolypin

Question 8

HSQs

Answer 8

• “Nicholas had no knowledge of the world or of men”-Rogers
• “Had the war not interevened … the rest of the population would possibly have come sooner than 1917”-Mulaney