CHm 29

Question 1

diploid

Answer 1

consist of 46 chromosomes
23 pairs of homologous chromosomes

Question 2

autosomes

Answer 2

22 pairs that guide expression of traits

Question 3

allele homozygous

Answer 3

same allele for a single train

Question 4

allele heterozygous

Answer 4

allele are different for a single trait

Question 5

segregation

Answer 5

during meiosis, allele are put per cell (ex: if Jj then, one is J another is j)

Question 6

Independent assortment

Answer 6

allele of diff traits mix together (ex: Bb and Jj –> BJ and bj)

Question 7

Dominant and recessive blood type

Answer 7

AB are dominant
O is recessive

Question 8

protein coding genes

Answer 8

less than 2% of cell DNA “blueprint”

Question 9

small noncoding RNAs (sncRNA)

Answer 9

reduces expression of certain genes

Question 10

epigenetic marks

Answer 10

tags on DNA controlling which genes are on (acetyl) or off (methyl)

Question 11

Genomic imprinting

Answer 11

during gametogenesis genes are tagges with methyl group to identify if it’s mom or dad

to make sure there’s only one each from mom and dad

Question 12

mitochondria

Answer 12

passed down from mom egg’s cytoplasm