Cholera (bacterial)

Question 1

Cholera is also known as

Answer 1

Washerwoman’s hands

Question 2

Acute serious disease characterized by sudden onset of acute and profuse colorless diarrhea, vomiting, severe DHN, muscular cramps, cyanosis and in severe cases collapse

Answer 2

Cholera

Question 3

Causative agents of cholera

Answer 3

Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio el tor

Question 4

Cholera mode of transmission

Answer 4

Fecal-oral route

Food and water contaminated with vomitus and stools of patient and carriers

5Fs (fingers, flies, fomites, feces, and food)

Question 5

Incubation period of cholera

Answer 5

3 days

Question 6

Period of communicability of cholera

Answer 6

7-14 days after onset

Question 7

Sources of infection of cholera

Answer 7

Vomitus, feces of infected persons

Feces of convalescent or healthy carriers

Contact may be temporary carriers

Question 8

Dx tests for cholera

Answer 8

Dark field microscopy: Specimen is illuminated
Culture: vomitus and feces

Question 9

S/sx of cholera

Answer 9

N/v
Severe DHN

Question 10

S/sx of sever DHN in cholera

Answer 10

dry mucous membrane, dry oral cavity, sunken fontanells, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, narrowed pulse pressure, poor capillary refill

Question 11

Pathognomonic signs of cholera

Answer 11

Watery stool/Rice colored stool (profuse colorless diarrhea)

Question 12

Nursing mgt for cholera

Answer 12

coconut water (rich in Potassium; prevents hypokalemia)

Breastfeeding in infants

ORESOL replacement (1 tsp salt + 4 tsp sugar + 1L water)

Question 13

Prevention mgt for cholera

Answer 13

Case finding
Proper isolation
Health teaching on prevention

Question 14

DOC for cholera

Answer 14

Tetracycline (use straw if PO; may cause permanent staining of teeth)