Typhoid Fever

Question 1

Typhoid fever is also known as

Answer 1

Enteric fever

Question 2

A systemic infection characterized by continued fever, malaria, anorexia, slow pulse, involvement of lymphoid tissues, especially ulceration of Peyer’s patches, splenomegaly, rose spots on
trunk and diarrhea

Answer 2

Typhoid fever

Question 3

Causative agents of typhoid fever

Answer 3

Salmonella typhi, Typhoid bacillus

Question 4

Typhoid fever mode of transmission

Answer 4

Direct contact with contaminated food/water

5Fs (fingers, flies, fomites, feces, and food)

Question 5

Incubation period of typhoid fever

Answer 5

1-3 weeks

Question 6

Typhoid fever source of infection

Answer 6

Feces and urine of infected persons
Family contacts may be transient carrier
Carrier state is common among Persons>40 y/o especially females

Question 7

Dx tests for typhoid fever

Answer 7

Widal test/Typhidot test
CBC (decreased WBC or leukopenia)

Question 8

An agglutination (clamping/binding together of antigens in the presence of antibodies) test which detects the presence of serum antibodies in patients

Detects IgM and IgG antibodies against the outer membrane protein of the Salmonella typhi

Answer 8

Widal test/Typhidot test

Question 9

Typhoid fever s/sx

Answer 9

Head ache

Loss of appetite

Splenomegaly

Question 10

Pathognomonic signs of typhoid fever

Answer 10

Ladder like fever or step like (fluctuation)
Rose colored spots on the trunk, chest and abdomen (Caused by clumping of bacteria in the blood stream causes bacterial emboli (clots) to the skin
Ulceration of peyer’s patches (part of lymphatic system located in the SI) - on the terminal ileum

Question 11

Nursing mgt for typhoid fever

Answer 11

TSB
Oral care
Report blood in the stools
VS monitoring

Question 12

DOC for typhoid fever

Answer 12

Chloramphenicol
Co-trimoxazole
Ampicillin