Cholesterol/Asthma/COPD/Smoking/Hypertensives

Question 1

Statins

Answer 1

Lovastatin
Slimvastatin
Atorvastatin

Question 2

Statin ADRs

Answer 2

Myopathy
Increased liver enzymes
Increased blood glucose
Also: Statins are P450 drugs!

Question 3

Absorption Inhibitors (Cholesterol Meds)

Answer 3

Ezetimibe

Question 4

Ezetimibe ADRs

Answer 4

Increased LFTs
Myopathy
URI

Question 5

Fibric Acids (Cholesterol Meds)

Answer 5

Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate
Fenofibric acid

Question 6

Fibric Acid ADRs

Answer 6

Increased LFTs
Myopathy
GI upset

Question 7

Miscellaneous Cholesterol Med and ADRs

Answer 7

Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
Flushing
Increased blood glucose
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperuricemia

Question 8

Bile Acid Sequestrants (Cholesterol Meds)

Answer 8

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

Question 9

Bile Acid Sequestrants ADRs

Answer 9

GI distress
Constipation
Decreased absorption of other drugs

Question 10

Omega 3s (Cholesterol Meds)

Answer 10

Fish Oil
Lovaza
Vascepa

Question 11

Omega 3s ADRs

Answer 11

Eructation (fishy burps - store in fridge)
Dysgeusia
Dyspepsia
Increased bleeding

Question 12

New Cholesterol Drugs & ADRs

Answer 12

Lomitapide
PCSK9 Inhibitors (Evolocumab, Alirocumab)
Hepatic steatosis
Increased LFTs
N/V/D

Question 13

The 5 A’s of Smoking Cessation

Answer 13

Ask about smoking at each visit
Advise patients to stop smoking
Assess readiness to quit
Assist patients with medications and educational materials
Arrange follow-up visits to support patient progress

Question 14

Nicotine Gum and ADRs

Answer 14

Nicorette and generics
Mouth and jaw soreness
Hiccups
Dyspepsia

Question 15

Nicotine Gum Instructions for Use:

Answer 15

1 piece q 1-2 hours for 1-3 months

Chew slowly until peppery taste/tingle, park between gum and cheek, once taste gone, chew slowly again

Question 16

Nicotine Medications Pharmaceutic Company

Answer 16

Glaxosmithkline

Question 17

Nicotine Lozenges and ADRs

Answer 17

Commit, Nicorette Mini, and generics
Nausea
HA
Cough

Question 18

Transdermal Nicotine Patch and ADRs

Answer 18

Nicoderm CQ and generics
HA
Burning
Itching
Tingling

Question 19

Transdermal Nicotine Patch Instructions

Answer 19

Apply patch to different area every day
Do not use same area for at least 1 week
Do not cut patches –> nicotine may evaporate and cause patch to be less effective

Question 20

Nicotine Inhaler and ADRs

Answer 20

Nicotrol Inhaler
Irritation of mouth and throat
Cough
HA

Question 21

Non Nicotinic Cessation Aid, Warnings, and ADRs

Answer 21

Varenicline (oral formulation)
Warnings: suicidal ideation/attempts, hallucinations, depression
ADRs: N/V, flatulence, constipation

Question 22

2nd Line Smoking Cessation Options and ADRs

Answer 22

Clonidine
Nortriptyline
ADRs:
Dry mouth
Sedation
Dizziness

Question 23

SABA

Answer 23

Albuterol
Levalbuterol
Pirbuterol

Question 24

SABA ADRs

Answer 24

Tachycardia
Tremor
HA

Question 25

Inhaled Anticholinergics

Answer 25

Off-label for asthma Ipratropium Ipratropium and albuterol

Question 26

Inhaled Anticholinergics ADRs

Answer 26

Dry mouth | Increased wheezing

Question 27

Systemic Corticosteroids

Answer 27

Prednisone Methylprednisolone Prednisolone

Question 28

Systemic Corticosteroids ADRs

Answer 28

Weight Gain Fluid retention Increased appetite

Question 29

Inhaled Corticosteroids

Answer 29

Beclomethsone Fluticasone Mometasone

Question 30

Inhaled Corticosteroids ADRs

Answer 30

Oral candidiasis Dysphonia cough Reflex cough and bronchospasms

Question 31

LABA

Answer 31

Salmeterol Formoterol Indacaterol

Question 32

LABA ADRs

Answer 32

Tachycardia Tremor Hypokalemia

Question 33

Leukotriene Modifiers

Answer 33

Montelukast Zafirlukast Zileuton

Question 34

Leukotriene Modifiers ADRs

Answer 34

URI Fever HA

Question 35

COPD Anticholinergics

Answer 35

Short Acting: Ipratropium | Long Acting: Tiotropium

Question 36

New COPD Inhalers and ADRs

Answer 36

Glycopyrrolate Aclidinium URI, cough, nasopharyngitis

Question 37

Methylxanthines (COPD)

Answer 37

Amirophylline | Theophylline

Question 38

Extreme COPD Medication (Not first line)

Answer 38

Roflumilast | ADRs: N/D, sucidality, depression, anxiety

Question 39

Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 39

Chlorthalidone Hydrochlorothiazide Metolazone

Question 40

Thiazide Diuretics ADRs

Answer 40

Hyponatremia Hypercalcemia Hyperuricemia

Question 41

Loop Diuretics

Answer 41

Furosemide Bumetanide Torsemide

Question 42

Loop Diuretic ADRs

Answer 42

Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hyperuricemia

Question 43

Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Answer 43

Trimterene Amiloride Eplerenone

Question 44

Potassium Sparing Diuretic ADRs

Answer 44

N/V/D

Question 45

ACEI

Answer 45

Captopril Quinapril Lisinopril

Question 46

ACEI ADRs

Answer 46

Dry cough Hyperkalemia Angioedema

Question 47

ARBS

Answer 47

Losartan Valsartan Candesartan Can add HCTZ to all

Question 48

ARBS ADRs

Answer 48

Cough, angioedema (rare) Hyperkalemia Rhabdomyolysis

Question 49

DRI (Direct Renin Inhibitors) and ADRs | Antihypertensive

Answer 49

``` Aliskiren ADRs: Angioedema Hyperkalemia Renal impairment ```

Question 50

Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 50

Two Groups: 1. Diltiazem and Verapamil (heart) 2. Dihydropyridines (arterioles)

Question 51

Dihydropyridines (CCBs)

Answer 51

Amlodipine Nifedipine Clevidipine

Question 52

Diltiazem and Verapamil ADRs

Answer 52

Nausea Dizziness Rash

Question 53

Dihydropyridine ADRs

Answer 53

Edema HA Flushing

Question 54

Beta Blockers

Answer 54

Propranolol Metopranolol Atenolol

Question 55

Beta Blockers ADRs

Answer 55

Bradycardia Fatigue ED

Question 56

Alpha Agonists

Answer 56

``` Clonidine Methyldopa (gestational HTN) ```

Question 57

Clonidine (AA) ADRs

Answer 57

Dry mouth Sedation ED

Question 58

Methyldopa (AA) ADRs

Answer 58

Fatigue HA Hemolytic anemia