Choosing The Study Subjects: Specification, Sampling, And Recruitment Flashcards Preview

Research Methods > Choosing The Study Subjects: Specification, Sampling, And Recruitment > Flashcards

Flashcards in Choosing The Study Subjects: Specification, Sampling, And Recruitment Deck (15)
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1
Q

Target Population

A

The large set of people throughout the world to which the results will be generalized

2
Q

Accessible population

A

Is a geographically and temporally defined subset of the target population that is available for study

3
Q

Study sample

A

Is the subset of the accessible population that participates in the study

4
Q

Inclusion criteria

A

Define the main characteristics of the target population that pertain to the research question

5
Q

Demographic characteristics for a study

A

Race
Age
Economic background

6
Q

Clinical characteristics

A

Health status

Marital status

7
Q

Geographic characteristics in a study

A

Where are the participants in the study from?

8
Q

Temporal characteristics

A

Between what dates will the participants be gathered?

9
Q

Exclusion criteria

A

Indicates subsets of individuals who would be suitable for the research question were it not for characteristics that might interfere with the success of follow-up efforts, the quality of the data, or acceptability of randomized treatment

10
Q

Convenience sample

A

Study sample of people who meet the entry criteria and are easily accessible to the investigator

11
Q

Systematic sample

A

Resembles simple random sampling in first enumerating the population but differs in that the sample is selected by a preordained periodic process (e.g. Taking every other person from a list of town residents)

12
Q

Stratified random sample

A

Involves dividing the population into subgroups according to characteristics such as sex or race and taking a random sample from each of these strata

13
Q

Cluster sample

A

Is a random sample of natural groupings (clusters) of individuals in the population. Cluster sampling is very useful when the population is widely dispersed and it is impractical to list and sample from all its elements. A disadvantage is the fact that naturally occurring groups are often homogeneous for the variable of interest

14
Q

What is an important method to achieve a representative sample?

A

Minimize the number of nonrespondants

15
Q

How do you avoid falling short with the recruitment goals?

A

Estimate the magnitude of the recruitment problem empirically with a pretest

Plan the study with an accessible population that is larger than believed necessary

Make contingency plans should the need arise for additional participants