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CHP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

These are the vulnerable age group for common childhood diseases.

A
  • Newborns
  • Infants
  • Children
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2
Q

Risk of infections is higher when:

A
  • Not screened for metabolic disorder
  • Not exclusively breastfed
  • Not given with vitamin-based supplementation
  • Unvaccinated
  • Not properly managed when sick
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3
Q

What type of HEALTH care should be given to children ages 0-1?

A
  • Maternal Health Care
  • Essential Newborn Care
  • Immunization
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4
Q

What type of NUTRITION care should be given to children ages 0-1?

A
  • Maternalnutrition
  • Iron supplementation
  • Vitamin A
  • Early & exclusive breastfeeding
  • Complementary feeding
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5
Q

What type of ENVIRONMENT care should be given to children ages 0-1?

A
  • Water
  • Sanitation
  • Hygiene promotion
  • Oral Health
  • Child injury prevention
  • Treated bednets
  • Smoke-free homes
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6
Q

What type of HEALTH care should be given to children ages 1-5?

A
  • Immunization
  • Deworming
  • IMCI
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7
Q

What type of NUTRITION care should be given to children ages 1-5?

A
  • Breastfeeding
  • Complementary feeding
  • Vitamin A
  • Iron supplementation
  • Iodized salt at home
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8
Q

What type of ENVIRONMENT care should be given to children ages 1-5?

A
  • Water
  • Sanitation
  • Hygiene promotion
  • Oral Health
  • Child injury prevention
  • Treated bednets
  • Smoke-free homes
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9
Q

This is known as Philippine National Strategic Framework for Plan Development of Children. It also states that health is a critical and fundamental element in a child’s welfare.

A

CHILDREN’S HEALTH 25 or CHILD 21

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10
Q

What is the purpose of Children’s Health 25 or CHILD 21?

A

Planning programs and interventions that promote and safeguard the rights of Filipino children in 2025.

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11
Q

What is the goal of Children’s Health 25 or CHILD 21?

A

To achieve good health for all Filipino children by the year 2025.

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12
Q

A _______ is:
- Wanted, planned, and conceived by healthy parents carried to term by healthy mothers.
- Screened for congenital defects shortly after birth.
- Exclusively breastfed for at least 6 months of age up to 2 years and complementary food at about 6 months.
- Provided with safe, clean, and hygienic surroundings and protected from accidents, offered to equal access to quality curative, preventive, promotive health care services and health education.
- Regularly monitored for proper growth and development.
- Provide with adequate psychosocial and mental stimulation screen for disabilities and developmental delays in early childhood.
- Protected from discrimination, exploitation, and abuse.
- Empowered and enable to make decision regarding healthy lifestyle and behaviors.

A

Healthy Filipino Child

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13
Q

What is the main goal of Child Health Programs?

A

To reduce infant mortality to 15 deaths per 1000 live births (NOH 2017-2022).

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14
Q

PhilHealth benefit package for essential health services of the newborn during the first few days of life.

A

Newborn Care Package

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15
Q

This follows health practices to newborn care which have been proven to improve health outcomes of the baby.

A

Essential Newborn Care

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16
Q

What are the first 2 vaccines given to a newborn?

A
  • Hepatitis B vaccine
  • BCG vaccine
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17
Q

What can we do to improve health outcomes of the baby?

A
  • Immediate drying of the baby
  • Early skin-to-skin contact (“unang-yakap”)
  • Timely cord clamping
  • Non-separation of mother/baby for early breastfeeding initiation
  • Eye prophylaxis
  • Vitamin K supplemtation
  • Weighing of the baby
  • 1st dose of Hepatitis B vaccine
  • 1st dose of BCG vaccine
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18
Q

This is a comprehensive newborn screening program.

A

Newborn Screening Test

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19
Q

If congenital disorders are left untreated this will lead to ___

A

Mental Retardation and/or Death

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20
Q
  • Blood test done on the newborn after 24 to 72 hours after birth.
  • Enables early detection and management of several congenital disorders, which may lead to mental retardation and/or death if untreated
A

R.A. No. 9288: Newborn Screening Act of 2004

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21
Q

Disorders NBS Program detects.

A
  • Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH)
  • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU)
  • Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD)
  • Galactosemia (GAL)
  • Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)
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22
Q
  • This detects 28 disorders instead of 6.
  • By 2030, all Filipino newborns are screened
  • Strengthen quality of service and intensify monitoring and evaluation of NBS
  • Sustainable financial scheme
  • Strengthen patient management
A

Expanded Newborn Screening or NBS

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23
Q

This is to detect newborn congenital hearing loss.

A

R.A. No. 9709: Universal Newborn Hearing Screening and Intervention Act of 2009.

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24
Q

Early detection of hearing impairment avoids:

A
  • Delay in language acquisition
  • Poor communication skills
  • Low education attainment and inadequate social skills
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25
Q

This measures how hearing nerve responds to sounds and can identify babies who have a hearing loss.

A

Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR)

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26
Q

Sounds are played and a response is measured. If a baby hears normally, an echo is reflected back into the ear canal & is measured by the microphone.

A

Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE)

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27
Q

It has a goal to reduce child mortality and morbidity through optimal feeding of infants and young children and to improve health and nutrition status of infants and young children.

A

Infant and Young Child Feeding

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28
Q

What is the difference of Morbidity and Mortality?

A
  • Morbidity is related to having an illness
  • Mortality is about death rate
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29
Q

What type of diseases can Mothers avoid when they breastfed?

A
  • Ovarian Cancer
  • Breast Cancer
  • Osteoporosis
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30
Q

Benefits of breastfeeding to mothers

A
  • reduces woman’s risk of excessive blood loss after birth
  • Delays pregnancy
  • Reducing risk of ovarian and breast cancers and osteoporosis
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31
Q

Benefits of breastfeeding to infants

A
  • provides nutritional complete food
  • Strengthens the immune system
  • Rehydrates and provide essential nutrients
  • increase IQ points
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32
Q

Where is the form of milk produced?

A

Mammary glands

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33
Q

Form of milk produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the few days after giving birth.
Thick, sticky, and yellowish

A

Colostrum or First Milk

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34
Q

Requires both public and private health institutions to promote rooming-in and to encourage, protect, and support the practice of breastfeeding

A

R.A. No. 7600: Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Act of 1992

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35
Q
  • Expands the promotion of breastfeeding, amending the purpose of RA 7600
  • Lactation periods for breastfeeding employees
  • lactation stations in every private enterprise, government agencies, government-owned and controlled corporations
A

R. A. No. 10028: The Expanded Breastfeeding Promotion Act of 2009

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36
Q

This is to reduce under five and maternal deaths and address micronutrient needs of other population groups.

A

AO No. 2010-0010: Revised Policy on the Micronutrient Supplementation.

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37
Q

A package of micronutrient supplements in the right dosage, timing, frequency, and duration shall be provided to:

A
  • 6 to 59 months old children
  • Pregnant and lactating women
  • Non-pregnant and non-lactating women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years old)
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38
Q

Mandatory fortification of staples to address micronutrient deficiencies of the Filipino diet.

A

R.A. No. 8976: Food Fortification Law of 2000

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39
Q

To promote and safeguard the rights of Filipino children and synchronize family, community, and national efforts toward the full realization of the rights of children

A

EO 310: Philippine National Strategic Framework for Plan Development for Children or CHILD 21

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40
Q

To address the issue of child injury.

A

AO 2006-0016: National Policy and Strategic Framework for Child Injury Prevention and Control

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41
Q

To ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

A

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

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42
Q

When was Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) established?

A

1976

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43
Q

To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs)

A

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

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44
Q

What is the goal of Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

A

To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs)

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45
Q

What is the decree for Universal Child Immunization (UCI)?

A

Presidential Decree 996 (1976)

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46
Q

Period of EPI acceleration

A

1986

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47
Q

What are the 6 basic vaccines?

A
  • Tuberculosis
  • Diphtheria
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Pertussis
  • Measles
  • Tetanus
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48
Q

Period of EPI excitement

A

1992-1997

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49
Q

Hepa B vaccine integration

A

RA 7846

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50
Q

Every Wednesday is immunization worldwide

A

Presidential Proclamation No. 147

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51
Q
  • Measles elimination campaign was not 100% achieved
  • Polio free target was not sustained
  • Neonatal tetanus rate still remains high in some cities and provinces
A

Period of EPI challenges (1998-present)

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52
Q

Mandatory Infants and Children Act of 2011

A

R.A. No. 10152 (2010)

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53
Q

Strengthen immunization coverage of traditional vaccines and introduce new vaccines

A

DOH EPI Strategic Plan for 2016-2021

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54
Q
  • biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease
  • contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism
  • made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe
A

Vaccine

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55
Q
  • immunization
  • simple, safe, and effective way of protecting people against harmful diseases - uses the body’s natural defenses to build resistance to specific infections and makes the immune system stronger
A

Vaccination

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56
Q

How does vaccines work?

A
  1. Recognize invading germ or Germ is introduced.
  2. Sparks immune response to produce antibodies.
  3. Antibodies fight off the germ it remembers if it invades again.
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57
Q

What is the target number of neonatal mortality?

A

12 deaths per 1000 live births

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58
Q

What is the target number for under 5 mortality?

A

25 deaths per 1000 live births

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59
Q

These are produced naturally by the immune system to fight disease.

A

Antibodies

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60
Q

This type of vaccine contains a version of the living microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it can’t cause disease.

A

Live Attenuated Vaccine (LAV)

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61
Q

What are some of the examples of Live Attenuated Vaccine (LAV)?

A

Vaccines for: measles, mumps, chickenpox

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62
Q

This type of vaccine is used to killing the disease-causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation.

A

Inactivated Vaccines (killed antigen)

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63
Q

This type of vaccine transfects a specific antigen-coding DNA sequence into the cells of an organism as a mechanism to induce an immune response. It also dispense with both the whole organism and its parts.

A

DNA vaccines

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64
Q

What are some of the examples of Inactivated Vaccines (killed antigen)?

A

Vaccines for: Influenza, polio, Hepa A, rabies

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65
Q

What are some of the examples of DNA vaccines?

A

Vaccines for: Influenza, ZyCoV-D

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66
Q

This type of vaccine is a combination of weak and strong antigens in order for the host to be immune to the weak antigen. It is chemically linking a protein molecule with a tiny amount of the polysaccharide that makes up the cell coating of the bacterium.

A

Conjugate vaccines

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67
Q

What are the examples of Conjugate vaccines?

A

Haemophilus influenza Type B (Hib), meningococcal and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

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68
Q

This type of vaccine talks about a “Vector” that refers to the virus or bacterium used as a carrier. Use an attenuated virus to introduce microbial DNA to cells of the body

A

Recombinant Vector Vaccines

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69
Q

What are some of the example of Recombinant Vector Vaccines?

A

DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus)

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70
Q

This is use a toxin (harmful product) made by the germ that causes a disease.

A

Toxoid vaccine

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71
Q

What are the stages of vaccine development?

A
  1. Pre-clinical
  2. Phase 1
  3. Phase 2
  4. Phase 3
  5. Implementation
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72
Q

What happens to the pre-clinical stage?

A

Vaccine tested on animals to assess safety and see if it triggers an immune respons

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73
Q

What happens to the phase 1 stage?

A
  • vaccine is given to a small number of volunteers to assess its safety
  • confirm it generates an immune response
  • determine the right dosage
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74
Q

In phase 2, how many volunteers are given vaccine for testing and are closely monitored?

A

usually given hundreds of volunteers

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75
Q

In phase 3, how many volunteers are given vaccine for testing?

A

thousands of volunteers

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76
Q

What happens to the phase 3 stage?

A

determines if vaccine is safe and effective against the disease it is degsigned to protect against

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77
Q

What happens to the implementation stage?

A

Regulators review the results to decide whether to approve the vaccine for use, licensing and manufacturing

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78
Q

They are responsible for vaccine approval and licensing in the Philippines

A

Bureau of Food and Drug Administration (BFAD)

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79
Q

What specific time is BCG vaccine given to a child?

A

After Birth

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80
Q

What specific time is Hepatitis B vaccine given to a child?

A

After Birth

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81
Q

What specific time is Pentavalent (DPT-Hep B-HiB) vaccine given to a child?

A

1 and half months old
2 and a half months old
3 and a half months old.

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82
Q

What specific time is Oral Polio (OPV) vaccine given to a child?

A

1 and half months old
2 and a half months old
3 and a half months old.

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83
Q

What specific time is Inactivated Polio (IPV) vaccine given to a child?

A

3 and half months old.

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84
Q

What specific time is Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV) vaccine given to a child?

A

1 and half months old
2 and a half months old
3 and a half months old.

85
Q

What specific time is Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine given to a child?

A

9 months & 1 year old

86
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by BCG vaccine?

A

Tuberculosis

87
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Hepatitis B?

A

Hepatitis B

88
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Pentavalent (DPT-Hep B-HiB) vaccine?

A

Diphtheria, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, Pertussis, Pulmonia, Meningitis

89
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Oral Polio (OPV) vaccine?

A

Polio

90
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Inactivated Polio (IPV) vaccine?

A

Polio

91
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV) vaccine?

A

Pulmonia & Meningitis

92
Q

What are the illnesses/diseases that may be prevented by Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine?

A

Measles (tigdas), Mumps (beke), German measles

93
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: BCG vaccine

A

Upper outer arm or Shoulder just below the deltoid

94
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: Hep-B vaccine

A

Outer part of the mid-thigh

95
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: PCV

A
  • Anterolateral (outer) part of the thigh (vastus lateralis) for infants
  • Upper arm (deltoid for adults)
96
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: OPV

A

Mouth

97
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: MMR

A

Upperarm

98
Q

SITE OF IMMUNIZATION: IPV

A

Upper thigh

99
Q

A system of transporting and storing vaccines at recommended temperature from point of manufacture to the point of use

A

Cold Chain

100
Q

Order of cold chain

A
  1. Manufacturer
  2. Distributor
  3. Vaccine depots
  4. Provider office
  5. Client
101
Q

How does cold chain work?

A
  • Vaccines sent to countries
  • Refrigerated lorry to cold room
  • Distribution in portable ice boxes to regional centers
  • Stored in electric fridges between 2C & 8C
  • Carries in portable ice boxes to local venues for vaccination campaigns
102
Q

Stored vaccines in electric fridges are kept between:

A

2C & 8C

103
Q

This type of cold chain storage equipment are at regional level

(https://cdn-bbiph.nitrocdn.com/hVFywUXDRQGVxHhlmukyqckWQWIdYwCQ/assets/images/optimized/rev-5ba1c8a/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/kingman-heating-and-air-conditioning-repair-and-service-experts-what-causes-ice-build-up-in-a-commercial-walk-in-freezer-768x379.jpg)

A

Walk in cold rooms (WIC)

104
Q

Vaccines in walk in cold rooms (WIC) are stored up to how many days/months/years?

A

3 months

105
Q

This type of cold chain storage equipment are at district and PHC levels

(https://image.made-in-china.com/226f3j00VeIUTqBJCwpG/Biobase-China-Low-Temperature-Deep-Freezer-Vaccine-Freezer-for-Lab.jpg)

A

Deep freezers

106
Q

At what temperature should deep freezers be to store vaccines?

A

-15ºC to -25ºC

107
Q

Aside from Deep freezers, this type of cold chain storage equipment are also at district and PHC levels

A

Ice lined refrigerators (ILR)

108
Q

At what temperature should Ice line refrigerators (ILR) be to store vaccines?

(https://www.nenwell.com/uploads/NW-YC275EW-1.jpg)

A

2ºC to 8ºC

109
Q

This type of cold chain transporting equipment can carry small quantities and are for out of reach sessions.

A

Cold Boxes

110
Q

This type of cold chain transporting equipment are for transportation.

A

Vaccine Carriers

111
Q

This type of cold chain transporting equipment for small quantities (6-8 vials) and for nearby sessions.

A

Day Carriers

112
Q

How long is vaccines in a day carrier valid?

A

2 hours validity

113
Q
  • Is a label containing a heat-sensitive material
  • Is placed on a vaccine vial to register cumulative heat exposure over time
A

Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM)

114
Q

In VVM, if the square is matches the outer circle this means:

A

It CANNOT be use/ Do Not Use

115
Q

In VVM, if the square is darker than the outer circle this means:

A

It CANNOT be use/ Do Not Use

116
Q

This is a strategy for reducing mortality and morbidity associated with major causes of childhood illness. It is also a package of preventive, promotive, and curative services rendered by the DOH for children under 5 years old.

A

Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI)

117
Q

Where does IMCI guidelines rely on?

A

It relies on detection of cases based on simple clinical signs, without laboratory tests, and offer empiric treatment.

It is action oriented classifications rather than exact diagnosis are use.

118
Q

What is the objective of IMCI?

A

To reduce death and frequency and severity of illness and disability and contribute to improved growth and development.

119
Q

What are the disease covered in IMCI?

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Pneumonia
  • Malnutrition
  • Malaria
  • Measles
  • Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
120
Q

What is the Case Management Process of IMCI?

A
  1. Focused Assessment / Assess the Sick child or Young infant
  2. Classification (Pink, Yellow, or Green) of illness
  3. Identify Treatment
  4. Counsel the mother/caretaker
  5. Give follow-up care
121
Q

Color classification: PINK means

A

Urgent referral

122
Q

Color classification: YELLOW means

A

Specific medical Tx and Advice

123
Q

Color classification: GREEN means

A

Simple advice on home care

124
Q

Babies are considered newborns until how many days?

A

28 days

125
Q

Metabolic disorders in children usually results to:

A

Mental retardation

126
Q

Institutionalized nationwide health campaign conducted every third week of April & October

A

Garantisadong Pambata

127
Q

True or False. Breastfeeding initiation can wait up until 2 days after childbirth

A

False. Mother and baby should not be separated and should initiate early breastfeeding immediately after childbirth.

128
Q

Prevents eye infection for newborns.

A

Eye prophylaxis

129
Q

Vitamin K is administered to the baby to promote/prevent:

A

Blood clotting

130
Q

Vaccine that prevents tuberculosis and leprosy

A

BCG vaccine

131
Q

The practice of placing the newborn in the same room as the mother right after delivery up to discharge to facilitate mother-infant bonding and to initiate breastfeeding.

A

Rooming-in

132
Q

How long is prolonged skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby recommended for?

A

90 minutes

133
Q

R.A. that mandates newborn screening

A

R. A. 9288: Newborn Screening Act of 2004

134
Q

The basic newborn screening package detects how many disorders?

A

6 disorders

135
Q

Detects up to 28 genetic disorders

A

Expanded Newborn Screening Program

136
Q

Which part of the baby’s body is blood taken from for screening?

A

Baby’s heel

137
Q

NBS results are available after how many days?

A

7-14 working days

138
Q

Negative NBS results mean:

A

The baby is NORMAL

139
Q

True or False. When NBS results return negative, the parents receive a notification from the health facility.

A

False. The parents do not get notifications of their baby’s results unless if it is positive.

140
Q

What should parents do when their babies’ NBS result return positive?

A

Newborn must be brought back to his/her health practitioner for further testing.

141
Q

Establishes Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Program (UNHSP) for the prevention, early diagnosis, & intervention of hearing loss by requiring all newborns to have access to hearing screening.

A

R. A. No. 9709: Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) and Intervention Act of 2009

142
Q

Percentage of newborns with hearing loss in the Philippines.

A

0.14%

143
Q

How many months does hearing loss intervention for babies start?

A

6 months

144
Q

Breastfeeding should be initiated when ____ hour/s after birth

A

1 (one) hour

145
Q

Breast milk should be exclusive for the first ___ months of life

A

6 (six)

146
Q

True or False. Breastfeeding strengthens the infant’s immune system, preventing many infections by providing nutritinal complete food.

A

True

147
Q

Breastfeeding provides natural methods of delaying pregnancies like:

A

Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM)

148
Q

Colostrum is concentrated in:

A

Proteins & Carbohydrates

149
Q

True or False. Colostrum is sometimes hard to digest.

A

False. Colostrum is low in fats making it easy to digest.

150
Q

Antibodies in the colostrum help protect the ____ in the throat, lungs, and intestine of the infant.

A

Mucous membrane

151
Q

Colostrum is also concentrated with ____ that protect the infant from harmful viruses and bacteria

A

Leukocytes

152
Q

Breastfeeding is encouraged until what age?

A

2 years or longer

153
Q

Starting other foods in addition to breast milk at 6 complemented months helps a child to grow well.

A

Complementary feeding

154
Q

These types of vegetables help a child have healthy eyes.

A

Dark green leaves and Yellow colored fruits and vegetables.

155
Q

6-8 months old should be fed how many times a day?

A

2-3 times

156
Q

9-23 months should be fed how many times a day?

A

3-4 times, with 1-2 additional snacks

157
Q

It shall be adopted as an intervention to address micronutrient deficiency for a package pf micronutrient supplements.

A

Micronutrient Supplementation Program

158
Q

Micronutrient supplements are provided to:

A

6 months - 5 years children, pregnant and lactating women, and women of reproductive age (15-49).

159
Q

Helps in the formation and maintenance of healthy teeth, skeletal and soft tissue, mucus membranes, and skin.

A

Vitamin A

160
Q

Vitamin A also known as ____ because it produces the pigments in the retina of the eyes and also promotes good vision, especially in low light.

A

retinol

161
Q

Vitamin A supplementation under the Garantisadong Pambata Program involves supplementation that is given every ___ for children (6 months - 5 years old)

A

6 months

162
Q

Considered a moderate public health concern among children from 6 months to 5 years old.

A

Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD)

163
Q

A dietary element essential only in small quantities.

A

Micronutrients

164
Q

Short term intervention to correct high level of micronutrient deficiencies by providing large doses of micronutrients immediately until more sustainable food based approaches are put in place and become effective.

A

Micronutrient Supplementation

165
Q

Not in a conventional food form and whose purpose is to supplement the intake of vitamins and/or minerals from the normal diet.

A

Micronutrient Supplement

166
Q

Encourage manufacturers to undergo food fortification in their products.

A

Voluntary fortification

167
Q

Voluntary fortification is usually done through which program?

A

Sangkap Pinoy Seal Program

168
Q

These drugs are distributed during the national deworming months.

A

Antihelminthic/Anthelminthic drugs

169
Q

National Deworming months.

A

January & July

170
Q

What do you call the act of drastically reducing the number of worms in each child?

A

Deworming

171
Q

Has five priority areas: road traffic injuries, burns and falls, drowing, falls, and poisoning

A

A.O. 2006-0016 - National Policy & Strategic Framework for Child Injury Prevention & Control

172
Q

Physical damage that results when a human body is suddenly or briefly subjected to intolerable levels of energy

A

Injury

173
Q

Resulting from acute exposure to energy such as mechanical, thermal, electrical or radiant

A

Bodily Lesion

174
Q

Resulting from lack of one or more vital elements such as air, water, and warmth

A

Impairment of function

175
Q

Making positive choices about minimizing risk at all levels of society, while maintaining healthy, active and safe communities and lifestyles

A

Injury prevention

176
Q

Aims to provide populations with the means to ensure the presence of, and maintain the conditions necessary to reach and sustain, an optimal level of safety

A

Safety promotion

177
Q

Was established in 1976 to ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

A

P.D. 996 (1976) - Providing for Compulsory Basic Immunization of Infants and Children below Eight Years of Age

178
Q

First three vaccines of EPI in 1986

A

DPT, Tuberculosis, Hepa B

179
Q

DOH EPI Strategic Plan from 2016-2021 strengthen immunization coverage of tradition vaccines and introduce new vaccines

A

R.A. 10152 (2010) - Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act

180
Q

Typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe

A

Vaccine

181
Q

A simple, safe, and effective way of protecting people against harmful diseases

A

Vaccination

182
Q

What does MMR stand for?

A

Measles, Mumps, Rubella

183
Q

Contain a version of the living microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it can’t cause disease

A

Live, Attenuated vaccines

184
Q

Killing the disease-causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation

A

Inactivated vaccines

185
Q

This is made by chemically linking (conjugating) a protein molecule with a tiny amount of the polysaccharide that makes up the cell coating of the bacterium

A

Conjugate vaccines

186
Q

This is a type of vaccine that transfects a specific antigen-coding DNA sequence into the cells of an organism as a mechanism to induce an immune response.

A

DNA vaccines

187
Q

They use an attenuated virus or bacterium to introduce microbial DNA to cells of the body

A

Recombinant Vector vaccines

188
Q

Influenza, polio, hepatitis A, and rabies are what type of vaccines?

A

Inactivated vaccines

189
Q

Measles, mumps, and chickenpox are what type of vaccines?

A

Live, Attenuated Vaccines

190
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB), meningococcal and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are what type of vaccines?

A

Conjugate Vaccines

191
Q

Site of vaccination for BCG

A

Upper Outer Arm or Shoulder just below deltoid

192
Q

Site of vaccination for Hepa B

A

Outer part of the mid-thigh

193
Q

Site of vaccination of OPV

A

Mouth

194
Q

Site of vaccination of Pentavalent

A

Anterolateral thigh (Right Outer Upper Thigh)

195
Q

Site of vaccination for PCV for infants and adults

A

Anterolateral (outer) part of the thigh (vastus lateralis) for infants, upper arm (deltoid) for adults

196
Q

Site of vaccination for MMR

A

Upper arm

197
Q

True or False. IMCI focuses on exact diagnosis.

A

False. IMCI is action oriented classifications rather than exact diagnosis are used.

198
Q

IMCI guidelines rely on the detection of cases based on ___ without laboratory tests, and offer empiric treatment.

A

Simple clinical signs

199
Q

True or False. In IMCI, the child is first treated before they classify the illness.

A

True

200
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR COUGH OR DIFFICULT BREATHING

  • Any general danger sign or
    • Chest indrawing or
    • Stridor in calm child.
A

SEVERE PNEUMONIA or VERY SEVERE DISEASE (PINK)

201
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR COUGH OR DIFFICULT BREATHING

Fast Breathing

A

PNEUMONIA (YELLOW)

202
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR COUGH OR DIFFICULT BREATHING

No signs of pneumonia or very severe disease.

A

NO PNEUMONIA: COUCH OR COLD (GREEN)

203
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR DEHYDRATION

Two of the following signs:
• Lethargic or unconscious
• Sunken eyes
• Not able to drink or
drinking poorly
• Skin pinch goes back
very slowly

A

SEVERE DEHYDRATION (PINK)

204
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR DEHYDRATION

Two of the following signs:
• Restless, irritable
• Sunken eyes
• Drinks eagerly, thirsty
• Skin pinch goes back
slowly

A

SOME DEHYDRATION (YELLOW)

205
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR DEHYDRATION

Not enough signs to classify as some or severe dehydration.

A

NO DEHYDRATION (GREEN)

206
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR MALNUTRITION AND ANAEMIA

• Visible severe wasting or
• Severe palmar pallor or
• Oedema of both feet.

A

SEVERE MALNUTRITION or SEVERE ANAEMIA (PINK)

207
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR MALNUTRITION AND ANAEMIA

• Some palmar pallor or
• Very low weight for age.

A

ANAEMIA or VERY LOW WEIGHT (YELLOW)

208
Q

CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR MALNUTRITION AND ANAEMIA

• Not very low weight for age and no other signs or malnutrition.

A

NO ANAEMIA AND NOT VERY LOW WEIGHT (GREEN)

🏥 (6 decks)

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