Chp. 1-3 & PICOT Quiz

Question 1

Lab studies

Answer 1

typically conducted in the
controlled environment of a special research facility

Question 2

Population based studies

Answer 2

are typically conducted using
human subjects

Question 3

Societal benefits for health research

Answer 3

Improving health care practices
Health concersn
methods for promoting health
preventing disease & disability
expansion of scientific literatures

Question 4

personal benefits of health research

Answer 4

attainment of new knowledge
developing a new skill set
satisfaction exploring area of interest

Question 5

steps of population health research project

Answer 5

1. identify study question
2. select study approach
3. design study & collect date
4. analyze data
5. report findings

Question 6

Why would you use MeSH index?

Answer 6

narrow scope of interest& expand

Question 7

Most topics in population health research can be
expressed in terms of:

Answer 7

[exposure] and [disease/outcome] in [population]

Question 8

e.g. of types of exposures

Answer 8

1. socioeconomic status- income, wealth, education level
2. health related behavior- dietary practices, exercise habits, alcohol use
3. health stats: genetics, stress, immune status
4. environmental exposures: pollution, noise, altitude

Question 9

e.g. of types of diseases

Answer 9

1. injuries- burns, crush injuries, bone fractures
2. communicable/ infectious diseases- cholera, e. coli, tuberculosis
3. noncommunicable/ chronic diseases- cancer, diabetes, stroke
4. neuropscyhiatric disorders: Alzheimer’s, autism, schizophrenia

Question 10

“Reviewing the literature”

Answer 10

background reading

Question 11

how do you review literature

Answer 11

Start with informal sources that provide
basic information about the disease of interest,
then move on to more formal reports.

Question 12

what are some e.g. of nonformal resources?

Answer 12

WHO and CDC

Question 13

where can you get statistical reports from?

Answer 13

World Bank: world development indicators
database

WHO: World Health Report

UNDP: Human Development Report

UNICEF: State of the World’s Children

American Cancer Society annual report

Question 14

e.g. of health science abstract databases

Answer 14

CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied
Health)

Embase

ISI Web of Science

MEDLINE

PsycINFO

PubMed (MEDLINE plus others)

Google Scholar

Question 15

How do you formally review work?

Answer 15

full text articles

Question 16

Steps for Reading Articles

Answer 16

Re-read the abstract

Look carefully at the tables and figures for important
results

Read the entire text of the article

Take notes about which exposures, diseases, and
populations the study examined – and how they
might relate to a new research project

Review of the reference lists for related papers

Question 17

What Makes Research Original?

Answer 17

Originality requires one substantive difference from
previous work:
( new disease, new source population, new time period)

Question 18

3 e.g. of health research

Answer 18

1. most common signs & symptoms of multiple sclerorisi
2. risk of hearing loss increase with age?
3. factors predict binge behavior in college & University students?

Question 19

4 goals of health research

Answer 19

1. identifying & classifying new health problems
2. determining risk factors for disease
3. developing & testing new intervention for preventing or treating illness
4. evaluating the impact of health policies on health outcomes

Question 20

what is PICOT

Answer 20

framework for formualating a research question

Question 21

PICOT stands for?

Answer 21

patient population

intervention (exposure, test or agent)

Comparison or control group

Outcome- being studided

Time interval