Chp 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the six rights of medication?
Right drug, right patient, right dose, right route, right time, right documentation
Who is the last line of defense?
Nurses are the last line of defense. Nurses and physicians and pharmacists participate in a system of checks and balances to promote maximum benefit and minimum harm.
Nurses must know?
- What meds are appropriate for the patient
- What drugs are contradicted
The probable consequences of the interaction between drug and patient
Nurses are advocates so we need to?
- Follow patients status closely
- Detect mistakes
- First line to observe drug response and intervene
- Must know response med is likely to elicit
Last line of Defense!
” Ethically and legally unacceptable to administer a drug that is harmful to the patient even though the medication has been prescribed by a licensed prescriber and dispensed by a licensed pharmacist”.
What two things are important in application of pharmacology?
- Patient care
2. Patient education
What are we doing in the Pre- administration assessment?
- collect baseline date
- Identify high risk patients
1. liver and kidney impairment
2. genetic factors
3. drug allergies
Dosage and administration
- what is the indication for the drug
- dosage may depend on route and usage
- Iv agents can extravasate ( dopamine)
- Read order very carefully ( verify patient, read medication carefully, verify dosage calculations)
1 Drug Rule!
** Don’t ever administer any drug if you don’t understand the reason for its use ( off label use)
How to evaluate therapeutic effects?
Know the rationale for treatment and nature and the course of the intended response.
- Promote patient adherence
- Implement non- drug measures ( emotional support, weight loss, smoking cessation)
How to minimize adverse effects?
- Know your major adverse effects
- Know the time likely to occur and early signs of the adverse reaction
- Interventions can minimize discomfort and harm
** Take a thorough drug history
Avoid OTC drugs that can interact
PRN decisions
” as needed”
- Know reason for drug use
Assess patients medications needed
How to manage Toxicity?
- Early identification makes early intervention possible
2. Know early signs of toxicity and procedure for management
What does Vanco toxicity look like?
Red face + temp 104 ( red mans syndrome) run over 90 minutes
When teaching dosage and administration you want to give the patient?
- Name of drug
- Dosage and schedule of administration
- Duration of drug use
- Storage of drug
What are the five parts of the nursing process?
- Assessment*** most important
- Analysis: Nursing diagnosis
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation
What information do we need in the analysis and nursing diagnosis?
- Judge appropriateness of regimen
- Identify potential health problems by drug
- Capacity for self- care
What is done in the planning phase?
- Define goals
- Set priorities
- Identify interventions
( drug administration, enhance therapeutic effects, minimize adverse, patient education)
What is done in the implementation phase?
- Drug administration
- Patient education
- Enhance therapeutic effects
- Minimize adverse effects
What is done in the evaluation phase?
- Looking for therapeutic responses
- Adverse drug reactions and interactions
- Adherence to regimen
- Satisfaction w/ treatment
Patients taking insulin therapy should be taught that early signs of hypoglycemia include?
Diaphoresis and increased HR
Aspirin is given in low doses to? And in high doses to?
Low doses= reduce pain
High doses= suppress inflammation
Patients taking insulin therapy should be taught that early signs of hypoglycemia include?
Diaphoresis and increased HR
Aspirin is given in low doses to? And in high doses to?
Low doses= reduce pain
High doses= suppress inflammation
