CHP 20 Mammals

Question 1

What are the unique characteristics of mammals (no other groups of animals have these features)?

Answer 1

Hair or fur
Four glands
Heterodont teeth
Highly developed brain
Three middle ear bones
Extended care for the young

Question 2

What does hair provide for mammals?

Answer 2

Provides insulation
Camouflage
Warning

Question 3

Colorations of hair

Answer 3

Overall brown/grey to hide

No natural blues or greens

Question 4

Vibrissae

Answer 4

tactile “whiskers

Question 5

Pinnae

Answer 5

the external part of the ear in humans and other mammals; the auricle.

Question 6

What are the four glands mammals have?

Answer 6

Mammary Glands
Sweat Gland:
Sebaceous Gland
Scent and Musk Glands

Question 7

Mammary Glands

Answer 7

Milk: nutritious secretion for young

Question 8

Sweat Gland:

Answer 8

Eccrine (foot pads)
Clear, watery fluid
Cools by evaporation

Question 9

Sebaceous Gland

Answer 9

Oil
Keep skin/hair soft
Insulation
Waterproofing

Question 10

Scent and Musk Glands

Answer 10

Attracting mates
Marking territories
Identification and communication

Question 11

How are mammal bones different from bird bones?

Answer 11

Three inner ear bones- only in mammals

Question 12

What are occipital condyles? How many do mammals have?

Answer 12

enabling the head to move relative to the neck..
two.
Only found in mammal

Question 13

What are horns? Who has them?

Answer 13

keratin

rhino water bufflo giraffi

Question 14

What are antlers? Who has them

Answer 14

real bone

Found in deer, moose

Question 15

What are the different types of movement? (8 of them)

Answer 15

Natatorial: swimming

Volant: Flying

Cursorial: walking or running long distance

Scansorial: climbers

Arboreal: extreme climbers

Saltatorial: hoppers

Ricochetal: hind limb only hopping

Fossorial: digging

Question 16

Natatorial:

Answer 16

swimming

Manatee

Question 17

Volant

Answer 17

Flying

Bats

Question 18

Cursorial:

Answer 18

walking or running long distance

Question 19

Scansorial

Answer 19

climbers

Question 20

Arboreal

Answer 20

extreme climbers

Question 21

Saltatorial

Answer 21

hoppers

Question 22

Ricochetal

Answer 22

hind limb only hopping

Question 23

Fossorial

Answer 23

digging

Question 24

What mammals migrate?

Answer 24

Land:
Large, hoofed mammals
Water:
Cetaceans (whales dolphins, porpoises) and pinnipedia  (seals and walruses)
Air:
Chiropterans

Question 25

What type of feeding groups do mammals exhibit?

Answer 25

``` Four groups Insectivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores ```

Question 26

Insectivores

Answer 26

Incisors: snipping and biting Often small rodents Shrews eat 80%-90% of body weight daily

Question 27

Herbivores

Answer 27

Premolars and Molars: shearing, slicing, crushing and grinding

Question 28

Carnivores

Answer 28

Canines: piercing

Question 29

Omnivores

Answer 29

flat gritty

Question 30

Brain: Three Parts

Answer 30

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Medulla

Question 31

Cerebrum:

Answer 31

site of thinking, learning, memory, and interpretation

Question 32

Cerebellum:

Answer 32

coordinated movements

Question 33

Medulla

Answer 33

regulated autonomic systems

Question 34

What determine intelligence?

Answer 34

Intelligence: degree of folding and convolutions on cerebrum best indicator

Question 35

Which animals are seem to have the higher level of intelligence due to folding?

Answer 35

dolphines

Question 36

Do mammals smell?

Answer 36

yes | Acute in carnivores, rodents, and hoofed mammals

Question 37

Do they hear?

Answer 37

yes

Question 38

What is echolocation?

Answer 38

hearing self-generated sound for navigation and location of prey

Question 39

Do mammals see?

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

Are all mammals able to see color?

Answer 40

Most mammals color-blind | Squirrels and primates need to see ripe fruit and nuts

Question 41

How do mammals feel their environment?

Answer 41

Touch Well-developed Receptors associated with hair follicles Stimulated by hair displacement

Question 42

Who are the monotremes? What is unique about them?

Answer 42

Spiny anteater ,Duckbilled platypus Egg laying mammals No nipples Cloaca

Question 43

Who are the marsupials? What is unique about them

Answer 43

Kola, Tasmanian Devil, Kangaroo, Wombat Pouched animals Most live in Australia and nearby islands Opossums in N. America Babies suckle and develop inside a permanent pouch

Question 44

Who are the eutherians? What is unique about them?

Answer 44

``` wolves bears racoons Placental mammals Most diverse mammalian group Young develop in mother’s uterus Placenta composed of maternal and fetal tissues; nourishes fetus, delivers oxygen, and removes wastes ```

Question 45

How is development different between these three groups of mammals?

Answer 45

monotremes-Egg laying mammals marsupials-Babies suckle and develop inside a permanent pouch eutherians-Young develop in mother’s uterus, Placental mammals

Question 46

Who are the primates?

Answer 46

Prosimians, monkeys, apes, and humans

Question 47

Who are the great apes?

Answer 47

gorillas (Africa), bonobos (Africa), orangutans (SE Asia), and chimpanzees (Africa).

Question 48

Why are mammals important? 1

Answer 48

``` Endangered and Extinct Mammals Human Impacts Primates hit especially hard Loss of forests Bush-meat trade Pet trade ```

Question 49

Why are mammals important? 2

Answer 49

``` Impact environment and ecology Burrowing: alters ground structure Building: beaver ponds create habitat Grazing: disperses seeds Whales and walrus stir up ocean floor Humans Food Web Links Apex predators ```