Chp 4 Backbone Distribution Systems

Question 1

MC is

Answer 1

Main Cross Connect. Campus Distribution

The cross-connect normally located in the (main) equipment room for
cross-connection and interconnection of entrance cables, first level
backbone cables, and equipment cables. Campus distributor is the
international equivalent term for main cross-connect

Question 2

HC is

Answer 2

Horizontal cross connect. Floor distribution (for floor)

A group of connectors (e.g., patch panel, punch-down block) that
allow equipment and backbone cabling to be cross-connected or
interconnected with patch cords or jumpers to horizontal cabling.
Floor distributor is the international equivalent term for horizontal
cross-connect.

Question 3

TR

Answer 3

Telecom room. TE is located here and is where HC is located

Question 4

Backbone distribution components

Answer 4

Cabling pathways
ERs with (HCs, ICs, and/or MCs)
TRs with HCs
TEs with HCs
An EF
Transmission media
Misc. support facilities

Question 5

IC is

Answer 5

Intermediate Cross connect. Building distribution.

The connection point between a backbone cable that extends from
the MC (CD [first level backbone]) and the backbone cable from the
HC (FD [second level backbone]). Building distributor is the
international equivalent term for intermediate cross-connect.

Question 6

Conduit pathways

Answer 6

Shafts, conduits, raceways, tray, floor penetrations (e.g., sleeves or
slots), maintenance holes, hand holes, conduit banks (and other
outside plant pathways) that provide routing space for cables.

Question 7

Equipment room

Answer 7

An environmentally controlled centralized space for
telecommunications equipment that usually houses a main or
intermediate cross-connect. (TIA)

Question 8

Telecommunications room

Answer 8

An enclosed architectural space for housing telecommunications
equipment, cable terminations, and cross-connect cabling. (TIA)

Question 9

TE

Answer 9

A case or housing that may contain telecommunications equipment,
cable terminations, or horizontal cross-connect cabling. (TIA)

Question 10

Entrance Facility

Answer 10

An entrance to a building for both public and private network service
cables (including wireless), including the entrance point of the
building and continuing to the entrance room or space. (TIA

Question 11

Backbone distribution system provides:

Answer 11

A backbone distribution system typically provides:
* Building connections between floors in multi-story buildings.
* Campus connections in multi-building environments.

Question 12

Backbone distribution system is

Answer 12

the part of the property distribution system that connects various telecom spaces

Question 13

Transmission media

Answer 13

The actual medium carrying the backbone signal:
Fiber Optics
Balanced Pair Cabling
Coax
Wireless

And termination hardware/connectors:
Cross Connects
Patch Panels
Patch Cords
Interconnections
Connector blocks

Note: backbone media may also be made of wireless connections

Question 14

Miscellaneous Support

Answer 14

Materials needed for the proper termination and facilities installation
of the backbone cables.
These include:
* Cable support hardware.
* Firestop (see Chapter 7: Firestop Systems).
* Bonding hardware (see Chapter 8: Bonding and Grounding
[Earthing]).
* Protection and security.

Question 15

Fundamental Cabling Topologies

Answer 15

Star
Bus
Ring

Question 16

Hybrid Topologies

Answer 16

Hierarchial Star
Star-wired ring
Clustered Star
Tree and branch
Mesh

Question 17

Redundancy Types

Answer 17

Active redundancy equipment utilizing redundancy pairs

Physical diverse cable routing

Question 18

network equipment Redundancy uses

Answer 18

Redundancy pairs

Question 19

Disconnect events:

Answer 19

cable breakage
significant loss on primary and redundant pairs
Patch cable/block removal
Disconnection of adaptors on cabling system side

Question 20

Redunant pairs doesnt protect against

Answer 20

disconnect events

Question 20

Redunant pairs doesnt protect against

Answer 20

disconnect events

Question 21

Ring Topology general requirement

Answer 21

RECCOMMENDED a direct connection to the MC

Question 22

Ring topology may be used when

Answer 22

-Existing pathways support it.
-Primary system purpose is fiber optic distributed data interface, SONET, or reverse ethernet
-There is a redunant path

Question 23

Physical ring/logical star + Physical Ring network topology requires

Answer 23

knowledge of present and future telecom requirements to design this type.
see figure 4.5

Question 24

Physical star/logical ring

Answer 24

Pathways are star topology, but the signaling will be routed in a logical ring

Question 25

Physical star/logical ring applications

Answer 25

-a segment of the cabling will utilize existing cable -the designer determines it is not possible to form a physical ring

Question 26

Clustered star

Answer 26

Either physical star/logical ring or star topology from MC to nodes, and nodes with star topolgy. Allows for fault tolerant routing at nodes

Question 27

Bus topology

Answer 27

Linear connection. Only ideal if pathway is secure, traffic is not critical, and redundancy not required

Question 28

Factors in Fiber Optic/Telephony/Data topology selected

Answer 28

Budget Survivability plans Redundancy requirements Network traffic importance (critical or not) Pathway infrastructure Equipment functionality Existing components to be reused

Question 29

Tree and branch application

Answer 29

CATV, balanced pair, and Fiber Optic Used to describe the MC node having cabling systems extending from them with multiple branches, along which splice points enable a single branch to serve multiple sub-nodes

Question 30

CATV feeder/trunk cable

Answer 30

Coaxial cable from head end to branch

Question 31

Factors in CATV topology selected

Answer 31

Signal loss characteristics of coax cable Geographical area being served

Question 32

Telephony/Data network feeder/trunk

Answer 32

the MC cable

Question 33

Fully Connected Mesh

Answer 33

all nodes connected directly to all other nodes w/ PTP link

Question 34

Mesh benefit

Answer 34

high redundancy

Question 35

Mesh setback

Answer 35

high cost

Question 36

Mesh applications

Answer 36

Enterprise networks and Service providers routers

Question 37

Partial Connected

Answer 37

some nodes are connected to more than 1 node with a PTP link. Advantage: use redundancy similar to full connected with the major expenses

Question 38

Partial Connected Mesh networks require equipment to have some sort of __________ to determine the routing path to use

Answer 38

logical routing protocol

Question 39

PON

Answer 39

fiber - point to multi-point used to be more cost effect than PTP by having unpowered splitters allowing a single fiber to server 32-128 premesis can be FTTH, FTTB, FTTC

Question 40

FTTC

Answer 40

fiber to the curb

Question 41

FTTB

Answer 41

fiber to the building

Question 42

FTTH

Answer 42

fiber to the home

Question 43

1000BASE-X extended temperature range

Answer 43

-4.4 C to 85 C -40F to 185F

Question 44

Cost factors of fiber deployment

Answer 44

Singlemode/multimode strand count

Question 45

ONT

Answer 45

optical network termination

Question 46

OLT

Answer 46

Optical line termination

Question 47

Single mode fiber ITU-T reccommendation

Answer 47

Series G used for subscriber access in support of SDH and SONET

Question 48

Balanced Twisted Pair PTP rates/names/term

Answer 48

10Mb/s and 2Mb/s, 10PASS-T and 2PASS-t, EoDSL

Question 49

Balanced Twisted Pair PTP applications

Answer 49

MDU premesis, neighborhoods, and business parks

Question 50

Ethernet over PTP balanced twisted-pair cable is probably the best fit for established neighborhoods, business parks, and MDUs because it can reuse the ______________.

Answer 50

First mile of existing voice-grade balanced twisted pair cable

Question 51

Hierarchical Star

Answer 51

The MC (CD) should be close to (if not located in) the main ER (e.g., data center or computer room). Ideally, the MC (CD) would: * Be at the center of the buildings being served. * Have adequate space for the cross-connect hardware and equipment. * Have suitable pathways linking it to the other buildings. NOTE: See the latest edition of BICSI’s OSPDRM for OSP pathway information. Some of the advantages of using a first level hierarchical star for the campus backbone are that it: * Provides a single point of control for system administration. * Allows testing and reconfiguration of the system’s topology and applications from the MC (CD). * Allows easy maintenance and security against unauthorized access. * Provides increased flexibility. * Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones

Question 52

Cross connects

Answer 52

Must not pass thru more than 3 between HCs. Max of 2 levels from MC to HC

Question 53

Cross connects should be avoided between _________, although alternate redundant pathways can be designed like this.

Answer 53

HCs