Chp11

Question 1

what’s homologous series

Answer 1

it’s a group of compounds that contain the same functional group

Question 2

name 13 homologous series

Answer 2

1. alkanes
2. branched alkanes
3. alkenes
4. halogenoalkanes
5. alcohols
6. aldehydes
7. ketones
8. carboxylic acids
9. esters
10. amines
11. amides
12. arenes
13. cycloalkanes

Question 3

what’s the prefix or suffix of halogenoalkanes and branched alkanes and give example

Answer 3

1. halogenoalkanes— fluoro- / Chloro- / bromo- / iodo-

example — chloroethane

2. branched alkanes — alkyl-

example — methylpropane

Question 4

what’s the prefix or suffix of aldehydes and ketones and give example

Answer 4

1. Aldehydes — -al

example — ethanal

2. Ketones — -one

example — propanone

Question 5

what’s the prefix or suffix of esters and cycloalkanes and give example

Answer 5

ESTERS — alkyl- , -oate

example — ethyl ethanoate

Cycloalkanes — cyclo- , -ane

example — cyclohexane

Question 6

what’s the prefix or suffix of amine and arenes and give example

Answer 6

amine — -amine

example — methylamine

arenes — -benzene

example — methylbenzene

Question 7

if there’s more than one identical side chain or functional group what do u use for 2, 3, and 4

Answer 7

2 — di-

3 — tri-

4 — tetra-

Question 8

what is a mechanism

Answer 8

it’s diagrams that break reactions down into individual stages using curly arrows to show which bonds are made or broken

Question 9

what’s structural isomer and the diff types

Answer 9

same molecular formula but diff structural formula

1. chain isomers
2. positional isomers
3. functional group isomers

Question 10

what are the types of isomerism

Answer 10

structural isomers

stereoisomers

Question 11

what’s stereoisomers

Answer 11

have same structural formula but diff molecular formula

double bonds can’t rotate as they’re very rigid

because of the restriction this makes E/Z isomerism

Z — cis — same groups both on same side so either above or below

ex. Z-but-2-ene

E — trans — same groups positioned across the double bond

ex. E-but-2-ene

Question 12

what’s the curly arrow used for

Answer 12

it’s to show where a pair of electrons goes during a reaction

Question 13

what’s a molecular isomer

Answer 13

when two molecules have the same structural formula but different molecular formula

Question 14

what’s structural isomers

Answer 14

when two molecules have the same molecular formula but different structural formula