chpt 3 Flashcards
(43 cards)
theoretical orientation of assessors
cog
behav
humanistic
psychodynamic
electicintegrative
two components of reliability
- specificity: agreement abt absence of diagnosis
- sensitivity: agreement abt presence of diagnosis
alternate form reliability
using 2 forms of a test
internal consistency reliability
assess if item on a test are related to e/o, i.e. person takes anxiety tes, would have 2+ symptoms
criterion validity
whether measure matches other measure/criterion
broken into concurrent and predictive
construct validity
construct = attribute that’s inferred the test is measuring i.e. anxiety
smth that isn’t easily defined
case validity
the interpretations and decisions made abt a person
the case accurately encompasses the mult influences that contribute to distress and dysfunction
structured vs unstructured interviews
structured have high inter-rater reliability, follow pre-written and ordered questions to make DSM-5 diagnoses
unstrucutred low inter-rater reliability
branching decision trees: client’s response to one q determines what q asked next
test norms
test is admin to many ppl and responses are analyzed to see how ppl tend to respond…person’s score is compared to group norms
standardization
responses are compared to test norms that have been establish
personality inventories
self-reported questionnaire by which examinee indicates whether statements assessing tendencies apply to them
MMPI
most commonly used, been revised but still used
MMP1-2 specifically
almost 600 T/F
inexpensive
multiphasic: designed to detect a number of psychological problems
how was MMPI developed
- mult clinicians gave statements they considered indicative of MI
- called rational approach - items were rated as self-descriptive or not by ppl w and w/o diagnoses…called empirical mehtod
- items selected if clients in clinical group respond to them more than normal group
changes in MMPI-2
shortened version using diff scales
ppl argue MMPI-2-RF is brand new test that needs more validation
MMPI-3
335 items vs nearly 600 in MMPI-2
computer scored, based on patterns of responses
scale was created to identify ppl in personal lawsuits who claim to be injured but aren’t
faking bad: accentuating deficits that don’t exist
tends to misclassify ppl as fakers when not actually faking
- cannot be used in court
- renamed to Symptom Validity Scale
PAI
used instead of MMPI-2, has many of the same scales but fewer items and 4-pt scale instead of TF
contains critical items that warn if attention is needed i.e. suicidal intent
dysfunctional attitudes scale
assessment of cog measures i.e. depression
scores decrease w treatment
projective test
meant to tap into unconscious mind and reveal true feelings
if person sees ambiguous stim, will project self onto it
rorschach test
aka ink blot test
cards shown in specific order, person indicates what they saw
R-PAS
measure w high inter-rater reliability
used to score the rorscach test
thematic approach test
aka TAT
person is shown images the psychologist believes are relevant to them, and the patient is asked to make a story w them
intelligence test
standardized means of assessing person’s cog abilities
uses: diagnose learning disabilities, identify gifted kids
WAIS is adult test, also stanford-binet
stereotype threat
tendency for scores to fluctuate bcs of concern over furthering bias i.e. women do worse on math tests when asked to identify gender
cultural bias
the degree to which intelligence tests have content that isn’t meaningful to ppl of diff cultures
