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World History > Chpt 4 The Age of Absolutism > Flashcards

Chpt 4 The Age of Absolutism Flashcards

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1
Q

What was King Charles V king of?

A

Spain and was the Holy Roman Emperor

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2
Q

When Charles V abdicated the throne, who did he leave Spain to?

A

His brother, Phillip

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3
Q

What did Phillip ll reign as?

A

An absolute monarch with a divine right to rule

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4
Q

What did Charles V’s brother Ferdinand rule?

A

Holy Roman Empire

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5
Q

Who defeated the Ottomans at the Battle of Lepanto?

A

Catholic Spain and Italy

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6
Q

Who was the Ottoman ruler at the time?

A

Sulluman

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7
Q

Who declared independence?

A

Dutch protestants

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8
Q

Who plundered Spanish treasure ships from America?

A

Sir Francis Drake, “Sea Dog”

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9
Q

In 1588 Phillip sent an armada to invade where and lost?

A

England

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10
Q

Which fleets surpassed Spanish power?

A

Dutch, English, and French

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11
Q

Who painted religious images and noble portraits?

A

El Greco

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12
Q

Who wrote Europe’s first modern novel, Don Quixote?

A

Miguel de Cervantes

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13
Q

What is a Huguenot?

A

A french protestant of the 1500s & 1600s

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14
Q

What happened at St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?

A

Thousands of Huguenots were killed

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15
Q

What granted religious freedom to protestants?

A

The Edict of Nantes

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16
Q

What Huguenot inherited the throne and converted to catholicism?

A

Henry IV of France

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17
Q

What Chief minister destroyed the power of the Huguenots and nobles?

A

Louis Xlll

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18
Q

Who is known as the sun king?

A

Louis XlV

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19
Q

Who resolved to take complete control of the government himself?

A

Louis XlV

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20
Q

What class did Louis XlV appoint to government jobs?

A

Middle class

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21
Q

Who imposed mercantilist policies to make France the wealthiest state in Europe?

A

Jean Baptiste - Colbert

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22
Q

Symbol of royal power:

A

Versailles

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23
Q

Who competed for the honor of participating in the levee (rising)?

A

Noblemen

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24
Q

How did Louis XIV deplete the national treasury?

A

By engaging in foreign wars

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25
What did Louis XIV revoke?
Edict of Nantes
26
Who frequently turned to support from parliament?
Henry Vlll
27
Who consulted and controlled parliament?
Elizabeth l
28
Who/what did James l clash with?
Parliament and Puritans
29
Who signed the Petition of Rights, but then dissolved the Parliament?
Charles l
30
Who executed Charles l chief ministers?
Parliament
31
When did Charles summon Parliament again?
When Calvinist Scotts revolted
32
Who ordered troops to arrest radical leaders in the House of Commons?
Charles l
33
Who’s roundhead forces defeated the royal Cavalier’s troops?
Oliver Cromwell
34
Who sentenced Charles l to be executed, proclaiming that no ruler can ignore the law?
Parliament
35
Who called for representation for the poor and women?
The Levellers
36
Who took the title of Lord Protector and ruled as a dictator?
Cromwell
37
What was the Puritan’s goal?
To root out godlessness
38
What did Puritans encourage?
Education to spread religious knowledge
39
Who did the new parliament invite to return to England and restore the monarchy?
Charles ll
40
Who practiced catholicism openly?
James ll
41
Who was replaced in a bloodless overthrow, known as the Glorius Revolution?
James ll
42
Who accepted the superiority of Parliament, habeas corpus, and trial by jury?
William and Mary
43
What did the acceptance of the superiority of the Parliament establish?
Limited monarchy
44
Who were believed to be the natural ruling class?
Landowners
45
Who were the Tudors?
Henry Vlll Edward Vl Mary Elizabeth l
46
What did Britain become?
An oligarchy
47
Who defeated the Bohemians?
The Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand l
48
Who destroyed villages and crops, leading to depopulation?
Mercenaries
49
Who accepted the total independence of all princes?
The Hapsburgs
50
Who could not force Fredrick ll out of Silesia, but she reorganized bureaucracy and tax collection?
Maria Thersa
51
Who gained the loyalty of Junkers?
Fredrick William l
52
Who sparked the War of Austrian Succession?
Fredrick the Great (Fredrick William I)
53
Who fought for control of German states?
Prussia and Austria
54
Britain and France competed for what?
Oversea Empires
55
Who adopted a policy of Westernization to incorporate Western ideas, technology, and culture into Russia?
Peter the Great
56
Who ruled as an autocrat?
Peter the Great
57
Who did Peter the Great become the head of?
Russian Orthodox Church
58
Who did Peter the Great force to serve the state?
Boyars
59
Who retained serfs on their land?
Nobles
60
Who adopted mercantilist policies and executed those who resisted?
Peter the Great
61
What became the new capital on land won from Sweden?
St. Petersburg
62
Where did Peter the Great send explorers?
Across the Bering Straight
63
Who embraced Western ideas but made conditions for serfs grow worse?
Cathrine the Great
64
Who won a warm-water port from the Ottoman Empire?
Russia
65
What was partitioned between Russia, Prussia, and Austria?
Poland
66
A form of government in which a ruler has complete authority over the government & lives of the people he/she governs
Absolute monarchy
67
Fleet of ships
Armada
68
Having unlimited power
Autocratic
69
Distribution of military & economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong
Balance of power
70
Landowning noble in Russia under the tsars
Boyars
71
A government whose power is defined & limited by law
Constitutional government
72
Idea that a ruler's authority came directly from God
Divine right
73
Law issued by French king Henry IV in 1598 giving more religious freedom to French protestants
Edict of Nantes
74
Series of acts passed in 1689 by the English Parliament limited the rights of the monarchy & ensured the superiority of the Parliament
English Bill of Rights
75
Morning ritual during which nobles would wait upon French king Louis XIV
Levee
76
A division into pieces
Partition
77
royal French residence & seat of government by King Luis XIV
Versailles
78
Series of wars where various European nations competed for power in Central Europe after the death of Hapsburg emperor Charles VI
War of the Austrian Succession
79
Port that is free of ice year-round
Warm-water port

World History (5 decks)

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