Chpt 5

Question 1

Daltons Model (disproven)

Answer 1

• elements made indivisible, indestructible particles called atoms
• all atoms of element are identical & have same properties

Question 2

Daltons Model (true)

Answer 2

• atoms of different elements combine forming compounds
• compounds contain atoms in small whole number ratios
• atoms can combine in more than than one way to form different compounds

Question 3

Thompsons Model

Answer 3

dense positive charge w/ negative charge electrons interspersed

Question 4

Rutherfords Gold foil experiment

Answer 4

alpha particles were directed at a thin sheet. most passed few deflected -> atomic nucleus

a) if plum pudding model correct, alpha particles would pass without deflection
b) since small number deflected -> idea most of mass and all +charge of atom concentrated in space smaller than nucleus size

Question 5

atomic number

Answer 5

(Z) number of protons (also # electrons if a neutral atom)

Question 6

Mass number

Answer 6

(A) total # of protons & neutrons in nucleus of atom

Question 7

similarities b/t protons electrons

Answer 7

protons and electrons same -> atom neutral

Question 8

isotopes

Answer 8

• atoms of same element with different number of neutrons

- have same atomic number

Question 9

amu

Answer 9

atomic mass number

Question 10

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 10

type of energy travels thru space at 3.0 x 10^8 m/s exhibits wave and particle like behavior.
e.g. light

Question 11

wavelength (lamba)

Answer 11

distance between adjacent wave crests

Question 12

frequency (v)

Answer 12

of cycles or crests that pass thru stationary point in one sec.

Question 13

white light

Answer 13

continuous spectrum

Question 14

light

Answer 14

visible radiant energy

Question 15

visible spectrum

Answer 15

region of light spectrum our eyes can see

Question 16

radiant energy spectrum (EM spectrum)

Answer 16

continuous spectrum of visible and invisible light that ranges from short to long lamba.

Question 17

wave length *

Answer 17

• increases to the left

- longer wavelength = lower frequency

Question 18

wavelength and frequency

Answer 18

inversely related

Question 19

wavelength and energy

Answer 19

inversely related

Question 20

frequency and energy

Answer 20

directly related

Question 21

x rays

Answer 21

ionizing radiation

Question 22

ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light

Answer 22

invisible to human eye

Question 23

microwaves

Answer 23

absorbed by water molecules and used to heat water containing substances

Question 24

ROYGBIV

Answer 24

red. orange. yellow. green. blue. indigo. violet.

Question 25

photon

Answer 25

packet of light energy

Question 26

quantum concept

Answer 26

energy is composed of discrete units (its quantized)

Question 27

energy level

Answer 27

electrons travel in fixed energy orbits

Question 28

bohr atom

Answer 28

electrons exits in specific distances from nucleus and occupy orbits of discrete energy levels

Question 29

emission light spectrum

Answer 29

associated with emission of electromagnetic radiation by elements or compounds; collection of narrow bands of light energy

Question 30

quantum numbers

Answer 30

energy of each bohr orbit has specific numbers (n=1,2,3...)

Question 31

quantized

Answer 31

fixed

Question 32

ground state

Answer 32

lowest energy state

Question 33

excited state

Answer 33

when an electron is in a higher energy orbital

Question 34

subshell

Answer 34

(energy sublevel) s (sphere), p(dumbbell), d (clover leaf), and f (no specific shape)

Question 35

8A

Answer 35

noble gases

Question 36

electron configuration

Answer 36

shows occupation of orbitals by electrons for particular atoms that is

Question 37

subatomic particles

Answer 37

positive (+) negative (-) neutron

Question 38

2 types of atomic notation

Answer 38

^3H & H-3

Question 39

calculating protons neutrons and electrons

Answer 39

- neutrons = mass number - atomic number - protons = atomic number - identify element by # of protons

Question 40

bohr model of atom

Answer 40

- energy levels (n=1,2,3...) - energy levels correspond to periodic table - energy levels are aka principal quantum numbers energy levels get closer the further away are from nucleus

Question 41

electromagnetic radiation lab

Answer 41

- continuous spectrum (white light) produces rainbow - color of each discharge tube - 1 electron relaxing = 1 photon emitted