Christianity Flashcards

(17 cards)

1
Q
  1. What is the Old Testament?
A

The old testament is the first half of the bible. It’s a collection of various writings and teachings of wise men. It was written primarily in hebrew and has later been translated. The old testament end around the era of birth of jesus. in the Old Testament you can find the description of how universe and earth came to be and about some of its people.

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2
Q
  1. Explain divisions early on. What happened at the first & second Vatican Council?
A

Christians have never agreed on faith and practice, and in the early centuries there were several creeds created as minimal statements of true belief. But this is where the divisions were created, especially between Western and Eastern or Orthodox Christianity. Orthodox Christians for example, reject the idea that the Bishop of Rome (the Popelilope) would be a universal authority. At the first Vatican Council it got stated that the pope is infallible when defining faith and morals. At the second Vatican Council, they sought a more consultative style of Church, but this had not yet been attempted in practice. As time has passed, the divisions have become more and more clear.

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3
Q
  1. What is the incarnation and what is believed about it?
A

The incarnation is the belief that the son of God assumed a human form to help us with the salvation - this would be jesus.

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4
Q
  1. Retell some important events in the life of Jesus.
A

He born. He preaches. He hated by some, he loved by some. He questioned. He killed on cross. He died. He alive again. He preaches. He return to the heavens. He lives on in our hearts

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5
Q
  1. Explain the four Gospels and who wrote them. When were they written?
A

The four Gospels are written by Matthew, Luke, Mark and John. The first three use the same material to tell Jesus’ story and are known as the Synoptic Gospels. Their differences show how early Christians applied Jesus’ teachings to their own lives. John’s Gospel on the other hand is a deeper reflection on the meaning of Jesus as the Word of God spoken and lived in the world. The Gospel of Matthew was written in the 1st century, the Gospel of Luke was written around 70 C.E., the Gospel of Mark was written between 65 and 75 C.E. and the Gospel of John was written sometime in the end of the 1st century, though some may think it was written earlier.

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6
Q
  1. What is the Last Supper?
A

The last supper was the final meal of jesus before his crucifixion, which he shared with his apostles. The eucharist is supposed to symbolise the last supper. During the last supper Jesus foretold that one of his apostles who were present was gonna betray him.

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7
Q
  1. Why was Jesus crucified?
A

Jesus was crucified because he came into conflict with Temple authorities. They believed that the laws given to Moses by God must be kept before the Messiah could come to bring God’s kingdom on earth. Jesus’ claim that he talked to God and spoke with God’s authority, as well as his teachings that a covenant or true relationship with God (bae) depended simply on the faith, were very far from the Temple authorities’ interpretations. Since he refused to submit to the High Priest (an offense punishable by death), he was handed over to the Roman authorities as a threat to the state, and they carried out his execution.

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8
Q
  1. Explain the events from the last supper up until Jesus’ tomb.
A

After the Last Supper, Jesus prayed in the Garden of Gethsemane to be spared from his suffering. While this was happening, Judas was in the midst of betraying him, and Jesus was arrested in the Garden of Gethsemane. After that Jesus was taken to the Roman governor Pontius Pilate, who had him flogged. After some time he agreed to crucifying Jesus, even though there wasn’t really a proper case against him. Jesus was then crucified with two thieves while his mother, St. John and other women stood at the foot of the cross and watched. Then Jesus body was put in a tomb and guarded in case it was stolen.

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9
Q
  1. Describe the resurrection. What does the resurrection mean for Christians?
A

It’s the christian belief that after Jesus was put to death he resurrected 3 days later and started to live again. He revealed himself to some people before ascending back to the right side of God. This is of utter importance for christianity as this shows several things; it shows God’s great power, to be able to resurrect people and bring back the dead. It also shows God’s great love. Christianity promises its followers a similar fate after death (to be brought back and get access to heaven), hence a big part of christianity.

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10
Q
  1. What is the Ascension?
A

It’s the belief that Jesus returned back to his father after the 40th day of being resurrected. This is this celebrated on Feast of the Ascension (kristi himmelfärd), easter.

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11
Q
  1. Describe the role of the Holy Spirit after the Resurrection.
A

It is argued that the Holy Spirit in fact did play a role in the resurrection. It is said that the same Holy Spirit that raised Christ from death and brought him back to life is the same Spirit which will end your mortal life.

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12
Q
  1. What is a Sacrament? What are the two most important Sacraments? Meaning?
A

Sacraments is a form or rite which all christians do, as these are of great importance when it comes to practicing christianity. The two most important would be baptism and eucharist. Baptism is a sort of symbolic rite which can be done on both newborn and adults, it’s to show that the person is now a follower of jesus and christianity. The holy Eucharist is a sacrament where you eat bread and drink some wine, these are supposed to symbolise Jesus christ’s body and blood, it’s connected to the last supper.

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13
Q
  1. What is significant about Orthodox Baptism and Confirmation?
A

Orthodox Confirmation, also known as Chrismation, is seen as the Holy Spirit’s gift. With Confirmation comes the “power from on high”. Afterwards one can be Baptised which enables us to live a new life, meaning we become a son of God. After both the confirmation and the baptism one is tonsured, one completely offers themselves to God. As a symbol of this one cuts some of their hair off, a tonsure. ooops..

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14
Q
  1. Why are icons important for the Orthodox Church? Which icon depictions are the most common ones?
A

Undoubtedly, icons aka Holy images, are important to Orthodox faith. They have been a vital part of the faith virtually forever or at least as far back as ancient christian worship. Some important symbols include the fish, the cross and the lamb. These essentially represented Jesus. They can be seen in ancient paintings and mosaics as art was seen as a divine form of portraying God. The icons also served many much more practical purposed as well. It made it easier for people to understand the Bible by simply studying the art or the walls themselves, perhaps if they were unable to read.

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15
Q
  1. What is significant for Orthodox priests?
A

Something that is significant for Orthodox priests is the Holy Thursday Service. The Holy Thursday Service is a commemoration of the Last Supper and the washing of the disciples’ feet. They also don’t shave, because they want to be faithful to the Bible. If you are a bishop you’re celibate and you shouldn’t get married after you’ve been ordained.

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16
Q
  1. What is significant or Orthodox prayer? ???
A

Focus on Jesus, almost like meditating. There is a rhythm when you pray.

Christ asks us to pray. He tells us in the Gospel of Luke, How much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him. We pray so that God can help us to become more like Him in our actions.
For renewal and the growth of our soul.
To give thanks to God for all he provides for us.
To seek forgiveness for our sinfulness as humility is a prerequisite for prayer.

17
Q
  1. Why did the Protestant Churches emerge and what is significant for them?
A

The Protestant Churches emerged because of the Reformation. In the 1450s when the printing press was invented and the Bible became more accessible, that called for a reform of some of the superstitious practices of the Church. There was also protests about the corrupt practices of some Churches. Out of these reform movements came the new “Protestant” Churches. The Protestant Churches stressed the significance of each individual’s relationship with Christ without a priest or pope acting as an intermediary, and the importance of Scripture as the foundation of preaching, teaching and salvation.