Christianity Flashcards
(154 cards)
1
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): Donovan
A
The sense of knowing is never on its own a sufficient sign of knowledge
2
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): Philosophers
A
Donovan, Ayer, Cartledge, Pope John XXIII (23)
3
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): Pope John XXIII (23)
A
Divine spirit, renew your wonders in this age as in a new pentecost
4
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): Cartledge
A
Pentecostals have turned to the narrative of Luke-Acts as the main source of their theology
5
Q
Prophecies, healings, tongues and interpretation of tongues
A
Religious experience (charismatic): 1 Corinthians 12 (list some of the gifts)
6
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): 1980
A
First Catholic priest was appointed
7
Q
Religious experience (charismatic): 1960
A
Episcopalian minister Bennet had a Charismatic experience, he went on to revive a dying church which soon became the largest in the diocese
8
Q
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Psalm 119
A
How can a young person stay on the path of purity? By living according to your word
9
Q
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Matthew 5
A
Do not think I have come to abolish the law or the prophets
10
Q
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Psalm 46
A
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble
11
Q
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Philosophers
A
Augustine, Bultman
12
Q
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Key word
A
Two horizons of hermeneutics
13
Q
Feminist theology: 2016
A
Pope Francis commissioned a study into female deacons
14
Q
Feminist theology: 1992
A
The church of England voted for the ordination of women
15
Q
Feminist theology: Galatians 3
A
There is [neither] male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus
16
Q
Feminist theology: Reuther
A
Male ideology… [is] the justification of servile roles for women
17
Q
Feminist theology: Numbers 31
A
All the young girls who [are virgins]… keep alive for yourselves
18
Q
Feminist theology: Daly
A
The ‘supreme being’… has been a not too subtle mask for the divine patriarch
19
Q
Liberation theology: Scholars
A
Gutiérrez, Boff, Pope John Paul II, Pope Francis, Pope Benedict XVI (16)
20
Q
Liberation theology: Boff
A
Marxist historical materialism is eminently valid in its criticism of capitalism and its proposition of socialism
21
Q
Liberation theology: 4th century
A
Both Boff and Gutiérrez saw that this was when the church was corrupted, when constantine used the church for power
22
Q
Liberation theology: ‘Preferential option for the poor’
A
Ethical motivation for Liberation theology - Christians should put the needs of the poor first
23
Q
Liberation theology: Luke 4
A
[God] has sent me… to let the oppressed go free
24
Q
Liberation theology: Exodus 1 –> 14 summary
A
God saves his people from the oppression of the Egyptians
25
Liberation theology: Gutiérrez
The kingdom [of God] and social injustice are incompatible
26
Liberation theology: 1950s
Latin America was exploited by colonial countries for 500 years, in the 1950s there was hope of producing their own exports, but capitalism meant cheap labour
27
Secularisation: Philosophers
Woodhead, Davie, Sadiq Khan
28
Secularisation: Sadiq Khan
This is [the Lord's prayer] a prayer that... informs our whole culture
29
Secularisation: Mr and Mrs Bill story
They didn't allow a gay couple to stay at their hotel (they were christian)
30
Secularisation: Woodhead
For younger people in Britain today being religious is very much the exception rather than the norm
31
Secularisation: Facts
50% in Britain say they are of 'no religion'
| Only about 5% go to church on a regular basis
32
Secularisation: Secularism meaning
Secularism is the belief that secularisation is a benefit to society
33
Secularisation: Secularisation meaning
Secularisation is the process of a society moving away for religion
34
Key moral principles: Matthew 6:15
If you do not forgive others, neither will your father forgive your trespasses
35
Key moral principles: 1 Timothy 1
Keep your conscience clear
36
Key moral principles: Ephesians 4:25
Speak truthfully to your neighbour for we are all members of one body
37
Key moral principles: Matthew 5:44
Love your enemies and pray for this who persecute you
38
Migration: Philosophers
Hollenweger, Catto, Mcleod
39
Migration: Mcleod on whether the UK needs reverse mission
While larger denominations have lost members, other small denominations, as well as independent congregations have grown
40
Migration: Catto
There is an increase in number... willing and able to... evangelise too... Europe
41
Migration: Reverse mission
When countries that once sent missionaries recieve them
42
Migration: Hollenweger
Pentecostalism... offers alternatives... it gives the same chance to all
43
Migration: Fact
There are 800 RCCG (a Nigerian pentecostal denomination) churches in Britain
44
Baptism: Zwingli
"[baptism] cannot contribute in any way to the washing away of sins" => infant baptism is a sign that the parents will bring the child up as christian
45
Baptism: Philosophers
Augustine, Barth, Zwingly, The apostle Paul, Cullman, Brunner
46
Baptism: Aspersion
Sprinkling water on a baby's head
47
Baptism: Barth
[Infant Baptism] is not done in obedience, it is not administered according to proper order, and therefore it is a necessarily clouded baptism
48
Baptism: Immersion
Immersing the whole body under water
49
Baptism: Psalm 51:5
All are born in sin and shapen in iniquity
50
Birth narratives: Philosophers
Luke, Matthew, Bultman
51
Birth narratives: Nicea 325
"God... was incarnate and was made man"
52
Birth narratives: Redaction criticism
The idea that each (Luke and Matthew) have chosen, arranged and altered material to suit their opinions.
53
Birth narratives: Luke 1:3
"I... decided, after investigating everything carefully... to write an orderly account."
54
Birth narratives: Philippians 2:7 (Kenosis)
"[Christ] emptied himself... being made in the likeness of man."
55
Resurrection: Philosophers
The Apostle Paul, Bultman, Wright
56
Resurrection: Wright
"the tomb was indeed empty, and Jesus was indeed seen alive, because he truly raised from the dead"
57
Resurrection: John 21
"Jesus stood on the shore, but the followers didn't recognise him."
58
Resurrection: Bultman
"mythology is the presentation of the otherworldly in terms of this world"
59
Nature of God: Philosophers
McFague, Moltman
60
Nature of God: Moltman
"[the crucified Christ is] no longer a purely private and spiritualist matter, but develops into political theology"
61
Nature of God: McFague
the most basic female attributes: "give birth, feed and the protect the young, want the young to flourish"
62
Nature of God: Pantheism
Belief that the world is a part of God
63
Nature of God: Psalm 103
"As a Father has compassion for his children, so the Lord has compassion for those who fear"
64
Nature of God: Impassible, immutable
No human feelings, unchanging
65
The trinity: Philiosophers
Augustine, Borth
66
The trinity: 1054 CE
The great schism of 1054 CE - between the east and west church, largely caused by the filioque controversy.
67
The trinity: Filioque
'and the son'
68
The trinity: Niceane creed 589 CE
"the Holy Spirit... proceeds from the Father and the Son"
69
The trinity: John 1
"In the beginning was the word, and the word was with God, and the word was God, He was with God in the beginning."
70
The trinity: Athansian creed
"we worship one God in trinity... the deity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit is one, equal in glory, coeternal in majesty"
71
Atonement: James 2
Faith without works is dead
72
Atonement: Philosophers
Iranaeus, Augustine
73
Atonement: moral example
The idea that Jesus died to show God's love as an example
74
Atonement: Augustine
"[God] offered sacrifice for our sins... he offered himself"
75
Atonement: Iranaeus
"through a tree we have our debt cancelled" - Penal Substitution and satisfaction
76
Atonement: Sacrifice and ransom
The idea that Jesus is a scape goat on which the ins of the world are placed and he is a ransom payment
77
Atonement: Atonement
To make at one, to reconcile
78
Two views of Jesus: Philosophers
Wright, Crossan, Meier
79
Two views of Jesus: Crossan
"Here is the heart of the original Jesus movement, a shared egalitarianism of spiritual and material resources"
80
Two views of Jesus: What sources does Crossan use
'Q' (collection of sayings) and the Gospel of Thomas (with fragments dating back to early times
81
Two views of Jesus: Meier
"[The apochrapha are] imaginative Christians reflecting popular piety and legend and gnostic Christians developing a mystical speculative system"
82
Two views of Jesus: Critical realism
The belief that real objects exist outside of ourselves, but that we see them merely from our own viewpoint
83
Two views of Jesus: Wright (on word views)
"Humans tell stories because this is how we perceive... the world"
84
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Philosophers
Athenagorus, Williams, Barth, Schleimacher, Calvin
85
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Accommodation
Calvin's idea that since God is above us, he dumbs down (using baby talk) his language so we can understand
86
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Williams
"The ancient amanuensis...often played an active role in giving final form to a composition"
87
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Plenary verbal inspiration
The idea that the bible is word-for-word literally from God
88
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: Athenagorus
"as a flautist might blow a flute"
89
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: 2 Timothy 3
"All Scripture is God breathed"
90
The bible as a source of wisdom and authority: "Muratorian canon"
This confirms 22 of the current NT books and is dated as early as 170 CE
91
Festivals: Philosophers
Pope Francis, St John Kronstadt, St John Chrysostom
92
Festivals: Lent
In West- starts on Ash Wednesday, is fasting, giving up luxuries
In East - starts on Clean Monday, is strict fasting in Clean Week
93
Festivals: Date of Christmas
In West=25 December
| In East= 7 January
94
Festivals: St John Chrysostom
"He had fasted for forty days and forty nights...the once, twice and a third time, threw his enemy to the ground"
95
Festivals: St John of Kronstadt
"He is born of a poor virgin... the saviour of men"
96
Festivals: Pope Francis
"Christmas is joy, religious joy, an inner joy of light and peace"
97
Eucharist: Philosophers
The fourth Lateran Council, Schillebeeckx, Rhaner, Zwingly, Augsburg Confession (1530), Calvin
98
Eucharist:Virtualism
Calvin said only the elect receive Christ's power, since Jesus has ascended to heaven-He is not in it
99
Eucharist: Memorialism
Zwingly denied the presence of God. He said it was instead symbolic - Protestant
100
Eucharist: Augsburg Confession (1530)
"The body and blood of Christ are distributed to those how eat the supper of the Lord" - Consubstantiation
101
Eucharist: Consubstantiation
Christ is with the bread and wine, in them and under them - Protestant view
102
Eucharist: Transelementation
The Orthodox church view that the bread and wine are mysteriously the blood and body - it is a divine mystery
103
Eucharist: Transfinalization
Their purpose and finality is changed, they now function to stir up faith - Catholic view, Rhaner shares
104
Eucharist: Transignification
Schillebeeckx supports this - the idea that when the priest consecrates the bread and wine it takes significance, although it is not chemically changed - Catholic
105
Eucharist: Transubstantitation quote
"His body and blood are truly contained in the sacrament"-the fourth Lateran Council (1215) -Catholic
106
Community of believers: Dodd (charity)
"There is no real religious experience that does not express itself in charity"
107
Community of believers: Dodd (kerygma)
"...the kerygma consists of the announcement of certain historical events...of the appearance of Jesus in history"
108
Community of believers: Fellowship
This is a special relationship with God and others, it is very important
109
Community of believers: Matthew 6
"Do not stop up for yourselves treasures on earth"
110
Community of believers: Acts 2
" devoted themselves to the apostles' teachings and fellowship...to the breaking of bread....to the prayers...they had all things in common"
111
Faith and works: Philosophers
Luther, the Council of Trent, E.P.Sanders
112
Faith and works: James 2:24
"a person is justified by works and not faith alone"
113
Faith and works: Romans 1:17
"The one who is righteous will live by faith"
114
Faith and works: Council of Trent
"by his good works the justified man acquires a claim to the supernatural reward from God"
115
Faith and works: 1517
Luther criticises the selling of indulgences (papers from Pope granting remission from penance) by Tetzel in his 95 theses
116
Faith and works: Luther
"we do not become righteous by doing righteous deeds but, having been made righteous, we do righteous deeds"
117
The early church (The Kerygma): 'Gnoticism'
Idea that Jesus is a light with special knowledge from God who has come to light our sparks- meaning we are given the realisation that we all need forgiveness and that God exists
118
The early church (The Kerygma): Bultman
We must "be prepared, because this future will be a judgement on all men"
119
The early church (The Kerygma): 'realised eschatology'
Dodd's idea that Jesus' view of eschatology is that the new age has come with new relationships with God through Jesus
120
The early church (The Kerygma): Dodd on eschatological fanaticism
"eschatological fanaticism...was restrained by the essential character of the Gospel"
121
The early church (The Kerygma): Dodd quote on the Kerygma
"The main burden of the Kerygma..God has visited and redeemed his people"
122
The early church (The Kerygma): Dodd's ideas on the bold claims of the New Testament
(i) The age of fulfilment of the prophets has begun
(ii) Christ will return soon
(iii) Everyone should repent
123
The early church (The Kerygmata): Kerygmata
A proclamation or declaration of an event
124
Wealth: Philosphers
Blomberg, Bonhoeffer
125
Wealth: James 4
"You do not have because you do not ask"
126
Wealth: Prosperity gospel
Belief that faith and giving to the church leads to health and wealth
127
Wealth: Bonhoeffer
"I can still hold on to my riches but with a spirit of inner detachment"
128
Wealth: Matthew 6
"You cannot serve both God and money"
129
Wealth: Asceticism
Discipline or training, this can include avoiding wealth in order to follow God
130
Wealth: 1 Timothy 6:10
"The love of money is the root of all kinds of evil"
131
Wealth: Blomberg
"It is hard to envision anyone seriously studying the Bible and not concluding that stewardship must play a central role in any truly Christian lifestyle"
132
Wealth: Stewardship
Idea that the material world is not evil, as long as we care for others above ourselves, through management
133
Challenges to science: Philosophers
Dawkins, Gould, Medawar, McGrath
134
Challenges to science: McGrath
"...the faith, will and character are fully disclosed in Jesus of Nazareth...[he] did no violence"
135
Challenges to science: NOMA
Science has 'non-overlapping magisteria' with religion. Medawar says science can't answer questions like "what is the meaning of life?"
136
Challenges to science: Gould
"Ether half my colleagues are enormously stupid , or else the science of Darwinism is fully compatible with conventional religious beliefs"
137
Challenges to science: Fact
40% of scientists in the US said they believed in a personal God - in 2 surveys set 80 years apart
138
Challenges to science: Dawkins
"any creative intelligence...comes into existence only as the end product of ....evolution"
139
Pluralism: Philosophers
Rhaner, Hick, Knitter
140
Pluralism: Christian Universalism
God wants all to be saved, therefore Jesus' death is for all.
141
Pluralism: Copernican model
This was the revolutionary idea that the sun was at the centre of the solar system, not the earth. In some way, Hick says God is at the centre not just one religion
142
Pluralism: Acts 17
"What therefore you do not know YET WORSHIP, that I proclaim to you"
143
Pluralism: Rhaner
"grace...always surrounds man, even the sinner and unbeliever" - inclusivity and anonymous Christians
144
Pluralism: John 14:6
"I am the way, the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me" - Exclusivism
145
The WCC: Philosophers
Harmon, the World Council of Churches, Pope Pius XI (1) , Pope John XXIII (23)
146
The WCC: 'Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry'
A document published in 1982 investigating the growing similarities between denominations on views on these matters (Lima document)
147
The WCC: 1971
6 denominations in India merged into the Church of North India
148
The WCC: 1961 Catholic
Pope John XXIII (23) and the Vatican approved observers at the WCC and Vatican II called for 'restoration of unity' with 'separated brethren'
149
The WCC: Pope Pius XI (11)
"[The WCC} will be giving countenance to a false Christianity"
150
The WCC: WCC quote
" The aim of the WCC is to pursue the goal of the visible unity of the church"
151
The WCC: John 17
"I pray that they will all be one" - Unity, mission and ecumenical relations
152
The WCC: 1961
First pentecostals in the WCC
153
The WCC: 1910
The Edinburgh Missionary Conference, 1200 + missionaries from about 160 missionary boards. They agreed a desire for missionary work and developed into the "international missionary conference"
154
The WCC: Harmon
"Ecumenism is the quest for unity among Christians now divided by denomination"
