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A Level History > Christmas Exam ('00-'14) Part 1 > Flashcards

Christmas Exam ('00-'14) Part 1 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What party did William Gladstone lead?

A

British Liberal Party (Whigs)

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2
Q

When did Gladstone lead the British Liberal Party?

A

1868 - 1875

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3
Q

Who were the BLP?

A

British Liberal Party

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4
Q

Who led the BLP during the 1860s and 1870s?

A

William Gladstone

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5
Q

Who was William Gladstone?

A

Leader of British Liberal Party (1868-1875)
Prime Minister (1868-1894)

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6
Q

What cause did Gladstone commit the BLP to in the late 19C?

A

Home Rule Movement

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7
Q

Which party did the BLP form an alliance with in 1914?

A

Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP)

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8
Q

Who led the IPP during the 1880s?

A

Parnell

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9
Q

When was the First Home Rule Bill defeated by HofC?

A

1886

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10
Q

When was the Second Home Rule Bull passed by HofC but defeated by HofL?

A

1893

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11
Q

What movement began to rise in 1880s? What was their main goal?

A

Home Rule - wanted HR gov in Dublin

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12
Q

Who was Prime Minister from the 1860s-1890s

A

William Gladstone

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13
Q

Who was Prime Minister from 1908-1916?

A

Asquith

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14
Q

When was Asquith Prime Minister?

A

1908-1916

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15
Q

Who was Prime Minister during WW1

A

Asquith (‘08-‘16) and George (‘16-‘22)

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16
Q

Who was H. H. Asquith?

A

Leader of British Liberal Party (1908-1926)
Prime Minister (1908-1916)

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17
Q

Which party did Asquith lead?

A

British Liberal Party (Whigs)

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18
Q

What role did David Lloyd George fill between 1908 and 1915?

A

Chancellor

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19
Q

Who was chancellor between 1908 and 1914?

A

David Lloyd George

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20
Q

Who was David Lloyd George?

A

[Member of Liberal Party]
President of Board of Trade (1905-1908)
Chancellor (1908-1915)
Prime Minister (1916-1922)

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21
Q

What did George want in 1909?

A

Budget to fund Liberal social reform programme in Britain paid by taxes of wealthy. HofL rejected, but was eventually passed.

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22
Q

What bill did PM Asquith introduce in Aug 1911?

A

Parliament Bill: if Lords rejected a bill, still become law in third reading in HofC only after two years.

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23
Q

When was Asquith’s Parliament Bill introduced?

A

August 1911

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24
Q

Who won the Jan and Dec 1910 general elections but caused a hung parliament?

A

BLP

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25
What happened as a result of both Jan and Dec 1910 gen. elections?
BLP narrowly won, resulting in a hung parliament
26
Who led the IPP between 1900-1918?
John Redmond
27
Who led the IPP in WWI?
John Redmond
28
When did John Redmond lead the IPP?
1900-1918
29
Who was John Redmond?
[Irish politician] Leader of IPP (1900-1918)
30
Which party held the balance of power during the hung parliament of 1910?
The IPP under Redmond
31
What were the IPP prepared to do during the hung parliament of 1910?
Support the BLP in return for Home Rule
32
What bill of 1911 paved the way for Home Rule?
The Parliament Bill introd. by Asquith in August 1911
33
What changed for the BLP in Jan and Dec 2010 elections?
BLP won narrowly in Jan (274-272) and in Dec (272: 271) gaining seats in the process
34
What changed for the Conservatives in Jan and Dec 2010 elections?
They lost to BLP narrowly in Jan and Dec
35
What represented the British gov in Ireland?
An executive based in Dublin Castle - Lord Lieutenant (Viceroy) was the Crown's chief rep but held little power.
36
Who held the real power for British gov, in Ireland?
Chief Secretary
37
What did the Chief Secretary do in Ireland?
Spoke on Irish issues in HofC
38
Who was Chief Secretary in Ireland from 1908/1905 to 1916?
Augustine Birrell - [Liberal]
39
How did the Unionists feel towards the Act of Union (1801)?
They supported it.
40
Why did unionists oppose Home Rule?
1) Feared Irish Nationalists would use HR to gain independence 2) Feared being ruled by Catholic gov w/ strong ties to CC 3) Strong industrial economy would suffer in union severed
41
What was the McCann case of 1910?
A Belfast Catholic (Mr. McCann) abandoned Protestant wife and took their children w/ him, in name of Catholic teaching of Ne Temere decree. This spread worries of Catholic leadership.
42
What was the Ne Temere decree of 1907?
Declared marriage of Protestant and Catholic was void unless performed in Catholic church & their children must be raised Catholic
43
Who was leader of the Irish Unionist Party (IUP) in 1910s?
Edward Carson
44
When was Carson leader of the IUP?
1910-1921
45
What was the IUP?
Irish Unionist Party
46
Who was Edward Carson?
A Protestant Lawyer from Dublin, and an Irish Unionist who led the IUP between 1910-1921, and the UUPP between 1911-1921
47
What was the UUPP?
Ulster Unionist Parliamentary Party
48
Who was leader of the Ulster Unionist Parliamentary Party (UUPP) between 1911-1921?
Edward Carson
49
What did Carson want to happen with Ulster resistance?
Enough Ulster resistance would kill Home Rule completely (for all of Ireland; not just Ulster)
50
What were the positives of Carson?
He was an outstanding lawyer, and he brought intellect and gravitas to the leadership role.
51
Who was James Craig?
1) A stockbroker and Orangeman 2) Organisational genius of Ulster Unionism 3) A (Belfast) Unionist MP for East Down 4) Rallied support in Ulster for Carson
52
Who was Bonar Law?
[Conservative Scotsman] 1) Parliamentary Sec. to Board of Trade (1902-1905) 2) Leader of Conservative Party (1911-1923)
53
Who were the main three Unionist figures?
Carson, Craig and Law
54
Why did Bonar get involved in Unionism in Ulster?
As rallying cry to reunite conservative party and destroy the BLP
55
What were Bonar Law's politics like?
Harsh, critical rhetoric, extreme language and threats of violence in speeches in the Commons
56
What happened in Sep 1911?
Craig organised a massive demonstration of 50,000 people in Craigavon. Carson promised to create (provisional) gov for Protestant province of Ulster if HR happened.
57
What happened Easter 1912?
Craig organised monster demonstration of 100,000 people at Balmoral showgrounds. Cons. & Unionists were united.
58
What happened in July 1912?
Unionist conference at Blenheim Palace (England) of 13,000 people. Ominous speech from Bonar Law.
59
What did Bonar Law say at Blenheim conference?
"stronger things than parliamentary majorities" HR is "corrupt parliamentary bargain" if HR enforced they would be "justified in resisting by all means...including force"
60
What happened September 1912?
Ulster Solemn League and Covenant signed by 471,414 people
61
When was Ulster Solemn League and Covenant signed?
Around 28 September 1912
62
What did the Ulster Covenant swear to?
That Ulstermen would use all means necessary to defeat conspiracy of HR
63
What happened January 1913?
The paramilitary body Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) was formally established
64
When did the Ulster Volunteer Force form?
31 January 1913
65
How many members did UVF have by end 1913?
90,000
66
What was formed September 1913?
Ulster Provisional Government
67
When was the Ulster Provisional Government (UPG) formed?
27 September 1913
68
What reasons were given for opposition to Home Rule?
For Unionists, HR meant a Dublin parliament dom. by the CC to the detriment of economic progress; threat to their cultural identity as British & Irish. Possible descrim. against them as a religious minority.
69
When was the Third Home Rule Bill introduced by Asquith?
April 1912
70
What did the Third Home Rule Bill specify?
To grant Irish self-governance. Only exclusively Irish affairs to be handled by Irish Home Rule parliament (exclud. taxes). All legislation had to pass through British parliament.
71
Who moved an amendment to the bill calling for NE Ulster to be excluded? What happened to this amendment?
Liberal MP Agar-Robartes. Asquith rejected it.
72
Who supported Agar-Robartes amendment to the Third HR Bill?
Unionists & Conservatives
73
How many Irish MPs wanted HR?
80%
74
What did Redmond think of Unionist opposition to HR in 1910s?
That it was a bluff. He would not provide a provision for Ulster. Believed if Liberal gov stood strong, Unionism would evaporate.
75
What did Redmond say about the two-state theory of Unionism?
He called it an abomination and blasphemy

A Level History (6 decks)

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