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A Level History > Christmas Exam ('00-'14) Part 2 > Flashcards

Christmas Exam ('00-'14) Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Carson’s amendment of Jan 1913?

A

To exclude nine-county province of Ulster from the HR bill. It was purely tactical and was rejected.

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2
Q

Why did Carson move an amendment to the HR Bill in Jan 1913?

A

As a tactical move to focus attention on Ulster’s hostility to a Catholic parliament

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3
Q

What did Asquith do in response to Carson’s Jan 1913 amendment?

A

Once again, he played ‘wait-and-see’; to not confront the issue.

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4
Q

Who moved an amendment to the HR bill in Jan 1913?

A

Unionist Carson

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5
Q

Who called for a compromise in HR bill in Sep 1913?

A

Lord Loreburn, a Liberal peer. He warned of serious rioting in Ulster if there was no change to bill.

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6
Q

What did Lord Loreburn think would happen if HR bill was unchanged? What did this letter mean?

A

Serious rioting in Ulster; temperature was rising in the Irish political sphere - precursor to civil war.

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7
Q

When did Churchill and Bonar Law meet for secret talks about HR?

A

By September 1913

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8
Q

Who did Churchill meet with secretly to discuss HR?

A

Bonar Law

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9
Q

Who did Bonar Law meet with to discuss HR in Mid-Late 1913?

A

Churchill (Head of Navy) and Asquith (PM)

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10
Q

Who did Asquith meet to discuss HR in Autumn 1913?

A

Law and Carson

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11
Q

Who did Asquith meet to discuss HR in Dec 1913 and Jan 1914?

A

Respectively, Law and Carson.

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12
Q

What did Asquith propose to avoid violence in Ulster?

A

Home Rule within Home Rule - Parliament in Belfast and Dublin

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13
Q

What did Home Rule within Home Rule mean?

A

Separate parliaments based in Belfast and in Dublin.

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14
Q

How did Carson respond to Asquith’s HR within HR proposition?

A

He rejected it. Demanded six counties permanently excluded. Asquith turned this down.

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15
Q

What did Asquith tell Redmond in Feb 1914 regarding HR?

A

Some form of exclusion was unavoidable - this was not great for the IPP

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16
Q

What was the ‘Price of Peace’ proposal?

A

That counties could vote to be excluded from HR for period of 6 years.

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17
Q

How did Nationalist Redmond respond to the Price of Peace proposal?

A

He accepted it 6 Mar 1914

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18
Q

How did Unionist Carson respond to the Price of Peace proposal?

A

He rejected time limit - “don’t want a sentence of death with a stay of execution for six years”.

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19
Q

Ultimately, what happened to the Price of Peace proposal?

A

It was added to the HR bill.

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20
Q

What grew and spread as HR made its way through parliament?

A

Threat of violence. Unionist and Conservative leaders made veiled threats since 1912.

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21
Q

When was the Irish Volunteer Force (IVF) formed?

A

November 1913

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22
Q

What formed in November 1913?

A

Irish Volunteer Force (IVF)

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23
Q

What move showed concern in Nationalist Ireland for Redmond’s handling of HR crisis?

A

The formation of the Irish Volunteer Force - they would take it into their own hands; paramilitary alternatives were gaining support.

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24
Q

What did the formation of the IVF in Nov 1913 mean?

A

Paramilitary alternatives were gaining support.

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25
Who was Eoin MacNeill?
An Irish Nationalist and Gaelic Revivalist who wrote the article 'The North Began' which called on Irish Nationalists to form a force to reinforce their demands of HR
26
When was the IVF formed?
25 Nov 1913
27
How was Eoin MacNeill involved in forming IVF?
In his article 'The North Began', he called on Irish nationalists to form a force to further demand home rule.
28
What did Patrick Pearse say about IVF formation?
"I think the Orangeman with a rifle a much less ridiculous figure than a nationalist without one."
29
What made Redmond initially weary of supporting the IVF?
Involvement of Irish Republican Brotherhood.
30
What bill did Bonar Law consider to amend or reject early 1914?
The Army Annual Bill (through the HofLords)
31
Why did Law consider amending or rejected the Army Annual Bill?
This law regulated code of military discipline - would leave gov no way of coercing Ulstermen for enlistment
32
When!! did Law consider amending or rejected the Army Annual Bill?
Early 1914
33
What act of Bonar Law in early 1914, would have caused a constitutional crisis, but never happened?
Amendment of Army Annual Bill
34
What did the Curragh Incident result in?
1) Unionist confidence 2) Convinced Irish nationalists that they could not expect support from the British Army in Ireland
35
What was the Curragh Incident/Mutiny?
58 army officer based at Curragh Camp (Main base of British Army in Ireland) said if orders given to use force against Unionists, they'd refuse.
36
What critical incident limited the government's military capabilities in Ireland?
Curragh Incident - officers demanded written promise that they would not be use to coerce Ulster
37
When was the Curragh Incident/Mutiny?
20 Mar 1914
38
What made Law's attempted revision of Army Annual Bill unnecessary?
The Curragh Mutiny/Incident -> limited British gov chances of applying pressure to force concessions from Unionists
39
What did the UVF receive in April 1914?
Consignment of arms and ammunition = 25k rifles - increase to 40k total
40
What was the Larne gun-running incident?
Major Crawford (UVF) purchased 25k rifles and sent them to UVF even though this was illegal.
41
What was the main goal of the Larne gun-running?
A propaganda coup for UVF
42
How did Asquith respond to Larne Gun-running?
Law and Carson took responsibility. Asquith condemned the act, but did not prosecute Carson.
43
How did UVF membership increase after the Larne gun-running?
7,000 Mar 1914 -> 130,000 May 1914
44
What did Redmond do to control the growth of the IVF?
Forced Provisional Committee of IVF to accept 25 new members from IPP.
45
What happened to the 25 IPP members sent to the IVF by Redmond?
They were given nominal roles.
46
Who controlled the IVF?
Irish Republican Brotherhood.
47
Who organised the Howth gun-running?
Sir Casement (Protestant Irish Nationalist)
48
What was the result of the Howth gun-running?
1) Dublin Met. Police & small troops tried to seize arms 2) Marched to Howth. failed to seize. 3) Followed by angry crowds who threw bottles & stones 4) Troops fired, killing 3 and wounding 38
49
What were the casualties of the Howth Raid
3 dead 38 wounded
50
How did people react to the Howth Raid?
Nationalists outraged. Accused authorities + Asquith of bias towards Ulster/Unionists (Larne gun-running)
51
When was the Third Home Rule Bill passed in HofC?
25 May 1914
52
What happened to Price of Peace amendment after 3rd HR was passed?
Rejected by HofL and removed.
53
When was the Howth gun-running?
26 July 1914
54
What happened in July 1914?
Howth gun-running - troops killed 3 people, wounded 38
55
Who attended the Buckingham Palace Conference, July 1914?
Liberals (Asquith & George) IPP (Redmond & Dillon) Conservatives (Law and Lansdowne) Unionists (Carson and Craig)
56
When was the Buckingham Palace Conference?
21-24 July 1914
57
Which two issues took focus at the Buckingham Palace Conference?
1) The area to be excluded from HR 2) The time limit for exclusion
58
At the Buckingham Palace Conference, who demanded for permanent exclusion of six counties.
Carson
59
What was Redmond willing to accept at the Buck. Conf.?
Temp exclusion of six counties.
60
Was the Buck. Conf. a success?
No. It broke up without agreement.
61
When did The Home Rule Act (Govern. of Ireland Act) hit the statute book?
18 September 1914
62
What two limitations were put on the HR Act?
1) Suspensory Act postponed operations until end of WW1 2) Special provision to be made for Ulster before it came into force
63
What happened 18 September 1914?
The Home Rule Act was given royal assent, becoming law.
64
What did the limitations on the HR Act mean for politics in Ireland?
It was at a standstill. Now a continued, worsened state of beauocracy.
65
How did Carson feel about about passing of HR Act?
He was disappointed. He wanted complete defeat, not partial.
66
How did Carson feel towards exclusion of six counties from HR Act?
Always wanted complete defeat but settled for six counties come 1913.
67
How did Craig feel towards HR act?
He was angry there was not a clear exclusion - continued indecision of gov.
68
What was Craig prioritised with?
Welfare of Protestant majority in Ulster
69
What was the one thing Craig was satisfied with, from the HR Act?
Provision would need to be made for Ulster.
70
How did Southern Unionists feel about HR Act being passed?
They had been abandoned by Northern Unionists who accepted provision. They were told Ulster Unionism would defeat HR for all Ireland.
71
How did Redmond feel about HR Act being passed?
He was relieved. He was first Nationalist leader gain HR - although could not be implemented until after WW1.
72
Why is Asquith and BLP blamed for HR crisis?
1) No clear provision for Ulster 2) Concerned with finance rather than Unionist opposition 3) HR was tactical alliance for Asquith - had no passion for it 4) Underestimated opposition - sided w/ Redmond that Unionism was a bluff 5) Asquith's gov ignored Churchill & George's concerns 6) Wait and see 7) No plan, only reacted to events 8) Did not utilise Birrell as link to IPP - was overworked and under-assisted

A Level History (6 decks)

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