Chronic Diseases and Comorbid Conditions: Depression and Anxiety Flashcards
Upon completion of this deck, the learner will be able to list common symptoms of depression, discuss the impact depression, anxiety, and stress can have on behaviors, understand the relationship between mood and exercise, explain behavioral strategies to help clients manage depression and anxiety, and recognize when to refer clients to a mental health professional. (25 cards)
What are some of the best practices to use when coaching a client with depression or anxiety?
- Mood monitoring
- Goal setting
- Positive reinforcement
- Social support
- Coping with negative feelings
- Enhancing distress tolerance
True or False
TV or music distraction led to improved mood during exercise, regardless of intensity.
True.
Adding something pleasant to a workout may help clients tolerate the discomfort of higher-level exercise.
What are the most common treatment options for depression?
- Medications
- Therapy
- Brain stimulation
- Exercise
People with depression have a higher chance of what other mental health issues?
- Alcohol use disorder
- Drug use disorder
- Anxiety
- Personality disorder
- Binge eating disorders
Most of these other disorders are triggered by negative moods or feelings of shame or embarrassment.
People with depression show higher rates of what other conditions?
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Cardiovascular disease
Can a health coach diagnose or treat depression?
No.
A health coach is a vital part of the mental disorder recovery team but cannot diagnose or treat a person with depression.
What is the most common way that stress is evaluated?
The 10-item perceived stress scale
In the 10-item perceived stress scale, the client will rate each of the 10 items on a scale of 0-4 (0 meaning no stress, 4 meaning highest level of stress). After rating each item, the numbers are added together. 0-13 indicates low stress, 14-26 indicated moderate stress; 27 and higher indicates high stress.
Those who score higher on the test have a higher risk for depression and/or anxiety disorders and should be referred to a healthcare provider.
In order to be diagnosed with depression, a person must exhibit how many symptoms and how often should these symptoms be expressed?
Five or more symptoms occurring most or all days of the week for at least two weeks.
Depression is characterized by what symptoms?
- Persistant negative mood
- Loss of pleasure and a reduced interest in daily activities
- Lack of concentration
- Changes in sleep
- Changes in appetite
- Restlessness
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
Depression can lead to what poor lifestyle choices?
- Diet
- Increase alcohol
- Increased tobacco use
- Sedentary lifestyle
What intensity of exercise is shown to generate negative thoughts?
Vigorous.
What are the most common treatment options for anxiety disorders?
- Medications
- Therapy
- Meditation
What is the difference between stress and anxiety?
When someone is stressed, they have a clear sense of the cause. With anxiety, people are less aware of why they feel the way they do and the fear is usually out of proportion to the circumstance.
True or False
There is a genetic component to determining exercise enjoyment levels.
True.
Exercise can feel good or bad in the moment and afterward. Every person rates this feeling differently for different activities. This is why the enjoyment factor is a component in the FITTE exercise model.
What are some common anxiety disorders?
- Generalized anxiety disorder
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Panic disorder
- Agoraphobia (fear of crowded spaces)
- Social anxiety disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorders
Define
Anxiety
An emotion characterized by nervousness, tension, fear, and/ or worry.
What are the most common mental illnesses diagnosed?
Anxiety and Depression.
1 in 5 people have a mental illness. Between 7 and 18% of the American population have anxiety or depression.
What can a health coach do if they suspect a client has a mental illness such as depression?
- Review mental health history
- Inquire about current and past mental illness treatment
- If the client is getting treatment and the treatment is working, congratulate them on getting help and continue to check-in.
- If treatment is not helping, refer your client back to their healthcare provider for other treatment options.
- If the client is not in treatment but is suspected to have a mental illness, refer the client to their healthcare provider to explore treatment options and schedule a follow-up with them.
Should a health coach recommend treatment options?
No.
Health coaches should refrain from suggesting treatment options since different options may be contraindicated depending on the client’s medical and psychiatric condition.
What percent of people with sleep apnea also have depression?
20%
Meditation is most useful for people with what kinds of anxiety?
Subclinical anxiety or chronic stress.
People with formal anxiety disorders respond best to medication and therapy.
What goals are most beneficial to clients with depression or anxiety?
Goals that are relevant to the client’s values
Define
Distress tolerance
One’s perceived capacity to tolerate discomfort and stress.
People with low distress tolerance might skip exercise or eating a healthy meal because they feel that the discomfort is intolerable.
Why is exercise typically not included in the treatment plan for depression?
- Lack of awareness supporting who physical activity affects mood.
- Skepticism regarding evidence
- Lack of time and research using exercise as a treatment
