Chronic Heart Failure

Question 1

What EF is considered HFrEF?

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

Normal EF?

Answer 2

55-70%

Question 3

what is considered impaired ventricular relaxation and filling during diastole?

Answer 3

> 50%

Question 4

what is cardiac output?

Answer 4

volume of blood that is pumped by the heart in one minute

Question 5

Drugs that worsen chronic HF

Answer 5

antiarrhythmics, oncology, non-DHP CCB, TDZs, NSAIDS, immunosippressants, itraconazole, systemic steroids, amphetamines, triptans, excessive alcohol

Question 6

Loop diuretic MOA?

Answer 6

block reabsorption in the ascending limb of loop of henle

Question 7

Loops increase excretion of?

Answer 7

sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and water

Question 8

Lasix

Answer 8

furosemide

Question 9

Bumex

Answer 9

Bumetanide

Question 10

Demadex

Answer 10

torsemide

Question 11

Edecrin

Answer 11

ethacrynic acid

Question 12

Oral equivalent dosing for loop diuretics?

Answer 12

furosemide 40 mg = bumetanide 1 mg = torsemide 20 mg = ethacrynic acid 50 mg

Question 13

Capoten

Answer 13

captopril

Question 14

Vasotec

Answer 14

enalapril

Question 15

Prinivil, Zestril, Qbrelis

Answer 15

lisinopril

Question 16

Aceon

Answer 16

perindopril

Question 17

Accupril

Answer 17

quinapril

Question 18

Altace

Answer 18

ramipril

Question 19

Mavik

Answer 19

trandolapril

Question 20

Atacand

Answer 20

candesartan

Question 21

Cozaar

Answer 21

losartan

Question 22

Diovan

Answer 22

valsartan

Question 23

Function of neprilysin?

Answer 23

degradation of several beneficial vasodilatory peptide

Question 24

Entresto

Answer 24

sacubitril/valsartan

Question 25

Beta 1 selective

Answer 25

bisoprolol and metoprolol succinate

Question 26

non-selective BB and alpha 1 blocker

Answer 26

carvedilol IR and ER

Question 27

when to not use BB

Answer 27

stop in acute decomposition only in ADHF if hypotension and hypoperfusion

Question 28

Zebeta

Answer 28

bisoprolol

Question 29

Toprol XL

Answer 29

metoprolol succinate

Question 30

Coreg

Answer 30

carvedilol

Question 31

when to decrease dose of BB if HR is?

Answer 31

< 55

Question 32

Metoprolol IV to PO

Answer 32

1:2.5

Question 33

Which hypoglycemia symptoms are not masked with BB?

Answer 33

sweating and hunger

Question 34

How do non selective BB casue hyperglycemia?

Answer 34

decrease insulin secretion

Question 35

MOA of aldactone?

Answer 35

compete with aldosterone at the receptor sites in distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts

Question 36

Aldactone

Answer 36

spironolactone

Question 37

CaroSpir

Answer 37

spironolactone suspension

Question 38

Inspra

Answer 38

eplerenone

Question 39

when to not start ARA?

Answer 39

K> 5 mEq/L, SCr 2.5 (male) and >2 (female), CrCl < 30

Question 40

MOA of hydralazine?

Answer 40

arterial vasodilator which decrease afterload

Question 41

MOA of nitrate?

Answer 41

increase availability of nitric oxide which cause venous vasodilation and decrease preload

Question 42

BiDil

Answer 42

hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate

Question 43

What to not take nitrates with?

Answer 43

PDE-5 inhibitors and riociguat

Question 44

Monoket and Imdur

Answer 44

isosorbide mononitrate

Question 45

Isordil titradose, Dilatrate SR

Answer 45

isosorbide dinitrate

Question 46

MOA of Digoxin

Answer 46

inhibits NA/K ATPase pump

Question 47

Digiteck, Digox, Lanoxin

Answer 47

digoxin

Question 48

therapeutic range of digoxin in HF?

Answer 48

0.5 - 0.9

Question 49

Antidote to digoxin

Answer 49

DigiFab

Question 50

S/Sx of digoxin toxicity?

Answer 50

N/V, loss of appetite and bradycardia

Question 51

MOA of ivabradine?

Answer 51

inhibitor of the funny current (If) to reduce sinus rate and HR

Question 52

Carlanor

Answer 52

ivabradine

Question 53

Ivabradine indicated in pts?

Answer 53

1. stable symptomatic chronic HF 2. LVEF < 35 3. BB > 70 4. on max tolerated doses of BB

Question 54

target HR for ivabradine?

Answer 54

50-60

Question 55

Klor-Con, Klor-Con M20, MicroK

Answer 55

potassium chloride

Question 56

usual range of K

Answer 56

3.5-5