CI/CD Interview Questions Flashcards
What are some common CI/CD issues? #5
Slow Build TImes
Limited Test Coverage
Inconsistent Environments
Integration Issues
Lack Of Visibility
Slow build times: caused by factors like large code bases, inefficient build scripts, or slow testing frameworks. Solutions include: #3
Breaking the build into smaller stages
Optimizing build scripts
Use the Parallel testing framework.
Limited test coverage: occurs when tests are not properly written or comprehensive enough. Solutions include: #2
Writing more tests
Using code coverage tools,
Inconsistent environments are caused when the dev, staging, and prod environments are not synced properly. Solutions include: #3
Infrastructure-as-code tools
Containerization
Configuration management tools to ensure consistency.
Integration issues occur when there are issues with integrating different system components. Solutions include: #2
Using API testing tools
Service virtualization.
API testing tools can be used to validate that different
components of the system are communicating correctly.
Contract testing can be used to ensure that APIs are
compatible and meet the required specifications
Service virtualization can be used to simulate the behavior of components that are not yet available, which can help to
identify and address integration issues before they become critical.
Lack of visibility: occurs when there is not enough information available about the state of the system or the progress of the build. Solutions include:
Solutions include using
Monitoring tools
Logging tools
Dashboarding tools to get more visibility.
Can you walk me through the components of a typical code release pipeline?
A typical code release pipeline consists of several stages, including building, testing, staging, deploying, and monitoring.
Stages of CI/CD
The first stage involves building the code into a
deployable artifact, such as a JAR file or a Docker image.
The second stage involves running various types of tests on the artifact, such as
unit tests, integration tests, and functional tests.
The third stage involves deploying the artifact to a
staging environment for further testing and validation.
The fourth stage involves deploying the artifact to
production, which may involve rolling updates or blue-green deployments.
The fifth stage involves monitoring the production system for
issues and collecting metrics for analysis.
Have you implemented process automation using scripting tools such as bash? Can you provide an example of a script you have written?
One example of a bash script I have written is a script that automates the deployment of a web application to a Linux server. The script pulls the latest code from the repository, builds the application, and deploys it to the server.
Troubleshooting full stack implementations #4
- look at the logs for the web or application server to see if there are any errors or issues
- Use tools like Wireshark and Fiddler to capture network traffic and analyze it for issues
- If I suspect an issue with the database, I may look at the query logs and use tools such as SQL Profiler to capture and analyze queries.
- Ultimately, the goal is to isolate the issue and identify the root cause, so that it can be fixed.
Can you give an example of how you have collaborated with architects to deliver infrastructure design? #3
- Define requirements for infrastructure (scalability, availability, security)
- Work together to design architecture, selecting appropriate technologies and services
- Ensure infrastructure design meets non-functional requirements such as performance and reliability.
What is your experience with release management processes? How have you ensured that code changes are properly tested and deployed to production? #4
- Set up CI/CD pipeline for automatic building, testing, and deployment of code changes
- Before code changes are deployed to production, they undergo various types of testing, such as unit tests, integration tests, and load tests.
- Use tools like code reviews and static analysis to ensure code quality
- Implement release gates to enforce policies, such as requiring a certain level of test coverage
Security Vulnerabilities that come with CI/CD pipeline and solutoins?
Irregularity is detected
Hardcodigng Sensetive Data
An effective monitoring system that will lock down certain sections within the pipeline if an irregularity is detected. The sooner that a security threat is noticed, the more likely you will be able to defend your pipeline from the threat.
focuses on every section of your pipeline can ensure that an effectual security level is always maintained.
Performance Issues that come with CI/CD pipeline and solutoins?
- Performance testing can detect bottlenecks and other bugs that could create huge drops in performance.
- Load simulation testing
What is continuous integration?
developers merge their changes to the main branch many times per day.
CI is supported by automated tests and a build server that runs them on every change.
Main benefit of Continuous integration?
Failures are made visible as soon as they are introduced and can be fixed within minutes
How do CI and version control relate to one another?
Every change in the code must trigger a continuous integration process. This means that a CI system must be connected with a Git repository to detect when changes are pushed, so tests can be run on the latest revision.
